Monthly Archives: January 2025

　　With the announcement of the 2023 performance forecast by Yiwei Lithium, a domestic battery company, yesterday, the differentiation has become obvious among the domestic second-tier battery companies that have released the performance forecast last year.among 扣式电池壳 It has given great spiritual support to entrepreneurs, and more entrepreneurs will contribute to this industry in the future. https://www.canrud.com/products/detail/81f89a31076f4fd18e883ee190d194cd

　　On the evening of February 5th, Yiwei Lithium Energy announced that in 2023, it is expected to realize a net profit of about 4.035 billion-4.211 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15%-20%, and a non-net profit of 2.56 billion-2.83 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of-5%-5%.

　　Earlier, on the evening of January 29th, Guoxuan Hi-Tech released a performance forecast, and it is estimated that the net profit attributable to the whole year of 2023 will be about 800-1.1 billion yuan, up by 157%-253% year-on-year.

　　On January 30th, Funeng Technology released its performance forecast for 2023. It is estimated that the loss in 2023 will be about 1.724 billion-2.107 billion yuan, and the loss will increase by 127%-86% year-on-year. It is estimated that the loss after deducting non-recurring gains and losses will be 1.615 billion-1.998 billion yuan in 2023, with the loss increasing by 99.43%-61.18% year-on-year.

　　According to the data of battery loading, among domestic battery enterprises, except for Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited and BYD, which together account for more than half of the market, Zhongchuang Singapore Airlines (the performance forecast has not been announced), Yiwei Lithium Energy and Guoxuan Hi-Tech belong to the second-line forces, while Funeng Technology belongs to the “quasi-second-line”.

　　According to SNE research’s global battery loading statistics, from January to November 2023, the loading capacity of Guoxuan Hi-Tech was 14.9GWh, up 18.5% year-on-year, ranking eighth. Yiwei Lithium Energy’s global battery loading capacity reached 13.4 GWh, up 131.9% year-on-year, and its market share reached 2.1%, ranking ninth. Funeng Technology’s battery loading capacity reached 8.9GWh, up 41.7% year-on-year, ranking tenth.

　　Domestically, according to the data of China Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, Yiwei Lithium Energy ranked fourth in power battery loading in 2023, with a loading capacity of 17.26 GWh, accounting for 4.45% of the market. Guoxuan Hi-Tech’s battery loading capacity was 15.91 GWh, accounting for 4.1% of the market, ranking fifth after Yiwei Lithium Energy, and Funeng Technology’s battery loading capacity was 5.94 GWh, accounting for 1.53% of the market.

　　Yiwei lithium energy: the production capacity of large cylindrical lithium batteries has been built, and the business has blossomed in an all-round way.

　　Last year, although the industry was generally tired of the slowdown in the growth rate of power battery loading, Yiwei Lithium Energy’s battery loading on a global scale showed a three-digit growth.

　　According to the report of Minsheng Securities on February 6th, the effective capacity of Yiwei Lithium Energy in 2023 is about 80GWh, and it is expected to achieve 70% capacity utilization rate in 2024, and the effective capacity can reach 100GWh.

　　In last year’s battery production capacity, it is worth mentioning that the large cylindrical battery that Yiwei Lithium was able to concentrate on for a long time last year finally achieved mass production. The company’s large cylindrical battery factory (the 14th factory) with an annual production capacity of 20GWh has been built in Jingmen base. The first phase was put into production in February last year, and the first batch of equipment in the second phase entered the market in November last year.

　　Large cylindrical lithium ion battery

　　On the evening of February 1st, Yiwei Lithium Energy announced that JAC Ruifeng RF8 equipped with the company’s large cylindrical battery was officially launched on January 31st.

　　By the beginning of November, 2023, the customer’s intentional demand for Yiwei Lithium Energy large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate battery in the next five years totaled about 88GWh, and the customer’s intentional demand for ternary large cylindrical battery in the next five years totaled about 486GWh.

　　In terms of business expansion, in addition to new energy vehicle power batteries, Yiwei Lithium Energy’s energy storage battery business also increased significantly last year. According to the data of Infolink, a global consultancy, on February 6th, 2023, the top five enterprises in the global energy storage battery shipment scale were Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, BYD, Yiwei Lithium Energy, Ruipu Lanjun and Xiamen Haichen, and the shipment scale of Yiwei Lithium Energy reached more than 25GWh.

　　Not only that, Yiwei Lithium Energy has also made gains in the electric ship business, a new field of lithium battery application in the future. In November, 2023, the company announced that two electric ships equipped with Yiwei lithium battery had set sail recently. “Yuetong Zhujiang 001” and “Huahang Xinneng 1” both use batteries integrated with lithium iron phosphate battery products LF280K.

　　By October, 2023, the cumulative shipment of Yiwei lithium energy reached 447 ships, and more than 50% of the electric ships in China were equipped with Yiwei battery solution, with the cumulative shipment scale exceeding 200MWh.

　　Previously, many research institutions believed that 2023 would be “the first year of mass production of sodium batteries”, and even thought that sodium batteries were “the replacement of lithium batteries” and would gradually replace lithium batteries.Doing these simple things can also make Lithium Metal Foil:20 Sowing high-quality genes will eventually grow into towering trees and become the leader in the industry. https://www.canrud.com/products/detail/b89a1cdc62b743e58b1124a8f190a11e

　　Until March 2023, the concept of “lithium battery” was still hot.

　　The capital market is also very concerned about sodium batteries. Statistics show that in the past 2022, a total of 13 stocks in the sodium battery sector rose positively, of which 7 stocks rose more than 20%. In the second half of 2022, from June 23rd to December 5th, sodium battery technology rose from 12 yuan to 54 yuan, with an increase of 350%.

　　Now, more than half of 2023 has passed, and the statement of “the first year of mass production of sodium batteries” seems to be inaccurate.

　　At present, there are not many models of sodium batteries on the bus. According to the 372nd batch of Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology recently, Chery NEQ7000BEVJH11L pure electric vehicle and jiangling motors Yuchi JX7001ESMBEV pure electric vehicle will be equipped with sodium batteries, but both of them are mini-cars. To this end, the Securities Daily issued a document saying that the “sodium battery car” may only “focus on mini-cars” in the future.

　　People in the industry have questioned the statement that sodium battery is “lithium battery replacement”. The Economic Daily published a commentary that sodium batteries still need to find suitable application scenarios in terms of applications. At present, it seems that sodium batteries may not be able to replace lithium batteries.

　　The share price of Chuanyi Technology has also been a bear in the past six months. As of June 21, 2023, its share price was 24.8 yuan, which has been halved compared with the historical high of 54.44 yuan on December 5, 2022.

　　Since the beginning of this year, the screenshot of Chuanyi Technology’s “falling endlessly” has been snowballed.

　　However, this does not mean that the development of sodium batteries has “died down”. For example, Tang Kun, founder and executive chairman of Zhongke Haina, said: “China’s electric vehicles are developing rapidly, but 80% of lithium needs to be imported, and we are still subject to people. This is the logic that sodium batteries came into being.” Compared with the shortage of lithium resources, China’s sodium resources are very rich and need not be controlled by people.

　　In addition to “getting on the bus”, sodium batteries also have an important application scenario-energy storage.

　　In January, 2023, Zhang Yongwei, Vice Chairman and Secretary General of China Electric Vehicle committee of 100, said that the development of energy storage may lead to the explosive growth of the long-awaited sodium battery in the industry, and it is necessary to speed up the scale test and demonstration of the sodium battery. He predicted that in 2023, sodium batteries will initially form industrialization.

　　At present, it seems that this prediction is the most appropriate. Although sodium batteries are not mass-produced, they are “initially industrialized”. Recently, Paineng Technology, Pulit, Tianneng, Penghui Energy, Xinwangda, Funeng Technology, Betray, etc. have all continued to increase the sodium battery track; Enterprises such as Jiangling Group, Xingheng Power Supply and Yadea Science and Technology, including Chuanyi Technology, have also announced a clearer timetable for the industrialization of sodium batteries. As for the problem of “getting on the bus” of sodium batteries, battery giants Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited and BYD are adopting the method of mixing with lithium batteries to speed up the pace of “getting on the bus”.

　　Then, what are the difficulties in the industrialization of sodium batteries and how to solve them? What is the trend of sodium battery industrialization, and what business opportunities are there?

　　Previously, the research report “2022 Innovation Drives a New Generation of Battery Prosperity” (hereinafter referred to as the “research report”), which was co-operated by Chebai Think Tank and CICC Capital, has conducted a detailed and rational in-depth analysis of sodium battery industrialization.

　　According to the research report, sodium batteries will become an important supplement to lithium batteries. Relieving the supply of upstream resources and being compatible with lithium batteries are the main driving forces for the industrial development of sodium batteries. At present, sodium battery is in the early stage of industrialization, and China’s technical research is in the forefront of the world. Sodium batteries are expected to have advantages in energy storage, low-speed vehicles and other fields in the future, and will gradually move towards the automotive field as the technology matures. Improving energy density, improving cycle characteristics, perfecting industrial chain and further reducing costs are the key points of industry development in the next stage.

　　Driving force of sodium battery industrialization

　　In the 1970s, people began to develop sodium batteries. In 2011, Faradion, the first British company focusing on the industrialization of sodium batteries, was established. Since then, the research on sodium batteries has ushered in an all-round growth. By the middle of 2021, more than 20 enterprises at home and abroad have industrialized the layout of sodium batteries. China is in a leading position in the research and industrialization of sodium electricity technology.

　　According to the research report, the driving force to strengthen the industrialization of sodium batteries mainly comes from two points: first, the development of sodium batteries can partially alleviate the external dependence of upstream resources of China’s lithium battery industry; second, sodium batteries are an important supplement to lithium batteries in terms of low-temperature performance, fast charging and environmental adaptability.

　　Specifically, China’s sodium resources are abundant and have obvious advantages over lithium resources. At present, the proven reserves of lithium resources in the world are about 86 million tons, but they are unevenly distributed, mainly in South America and Australia. China’s lithium resources account for about 5.9% of the world’s total, with salt lake brine as the main resource, and high-quality hard rock lithium ore is relatively scarce. As a result, China’s lithium resources are highly dependent on foreign countries. It is estimated that in 2020, about 74% of China’s lithium supply raw materials will be imported from Australia. Considering the safety of raw material supply, battery enterprises are motivated to find alternatives to lithium resources. Compared with lithium resources, the crustal abundance of sodium resources is 2.75% (the abundance of lithium resources is only 0.006%), and the resources in the world are scattered, and they are widely distributed in ores, salt lakes and seawater. With the development of sodium battery industrialization in the future, it will be able to alleviate the shortage of lithium battery upstream resources to some extent.

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According to South Korea’s “Chosun Ilbo” and other South Korean media reports, Cho Dou-Chun, the prototype criminal of the South Korean film “So-won”, was sentenced to three months in prison by the South Korean District Court on the 20th for violating the night travel restriction after being released from prison.

According to South Korean media, Zhao Douchun was sentenced to 12 years in prison in 2009 and was released from prison after serving his sentence in December 2020. South Korean courts issued a restriction order on night travel.《

Chosun Ilbo stated that on the evening of December 4, 2023, Cho Douchun left home alone and wandered around the community for 40 minutes, during which he deliberately wandered near the guard post next to his residence, causing panic among community residents. His explanation to the police was that my wife and I had a quarrel.

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United Nations, March 21 (Reporter Wang Jiangang) Chinese Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations Geng Shuang called on the international community to work together to alleviate the humanitarian crisis in Syria and promote a political solution to the Syria issue on the 21st.

Geng Shuang said at the Security Council’s open meeting on political and humanitarian issues in Syria that with the joint efforts of the Syria government and the United Nations, cross-border rescue points have been effectively operating. China urges relevant parties to actively cooperate and promote progress in cross-line rescue. At the same time, the international community should also increase humanitarian assistance to Syria and provide sufficient and non-targeted financial support for early recovery projects across Syria. Unilateral sanctions and resource plunder have long hindered Syria’s economic recovery, social development and improvement of people’s livelihood. China urges relevant countries to immediately stop relevant illegal acts and foreign troops to immediately end their illegal military presence in Syria.

Geng Shuang said that it is necessary to promote a political solution to the Syria issue. The recently held Arab League foreign ministers ‘meeting reiterated their firm support for Syria’s sovereignty and territorial integrity and opposition to external interference. China believes that help from regional countries will help inject new impetus into the political settlement of the Syria issue. China welcomes the extensive contacts with all parties on the implementation of Security Council Resolution 2254, Pei Kai-ju, Special Envoy of the United Nations Secretary-General for Syria. The international community should uphold the principle of Syrian-owned and Syrian-led, encourage dialogue and consultation, and find solutions acceptable to all parties. Terrorism is a long-term threat to the political process in Syria. China welcomes the relevant measures taken by the Syria government to combat terrorism and maintain security and stability. The international community must adopt a zero-tolerance attitude to combat all terrorism in Syria.

Geng Shuang said that since the outbreak of this round of Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Israel has frequently launched air strikes at multiple locations in Syria, seriously violating Syria’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. China is deeply concerned about this. Against the background of the ongoing Palestinian-Israeli conflict, all parties must exercise restraint and avoid exacerbating tensions, triggering resonance in hot spots and spreading conflicts. Big countries outside domain names should play a constructive role in promoting the cooling of the situation. The international community must also redouble its efforts to jointly manage the Gaza conflict, take the unconditional ceasefire in Ramadan as the entry point, promote the realization of a permanent ceasefire and stop violence, and then inject more positive energy into peace and stability throughout the Middle East, including Syria.

　　Lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide are the main raw materials to manufacture the positive electrode of power battery, which is the core component to provide power for new energy vehicles. Goodenough, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the father of lithium battery, believes that lithium is a kind of “white oil” from the resource side. He once said: “Lithium is no less important than strategic resources such as oil. Once there is a bottleneck in mining, it may become the fuse of war like oil.”In the industry, 夹具 Has been a leader in the industry, but later came from behind but never arrogant, low-key to adhere to quality. https://www.canrud.com/products/detail/98ebf7f87db548ada4c1bfade0ad432c

　　Although there is no sign of war, the battle around “lithium” is becoming increasingly fierce in the market.

　　In recent years, the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market has caused the price of lithium to soar. At the beginning of 2021, lithium carbonate was still 53,000 yuan/ton, and by the end of 2022, it had risen to 560,000 yuan/ton, an increase of more than ten times, which made a lot of lithium industry giants earn a lot of money.

　　However, at the beginning of this year, the price of lithium carbonate began to fall all the way. At the end of April, it fell to 176,400 yuan/ton and then rebounded, but it gradually fell. According to Wind data, by December 20th, the price of domestic battery-grade lithium carbonate had dropped to 101,000 yuan/ton.

　　Price changes of lithium carbonate in recent year

　　Image source: Wind

　　Is it good news or bad news that the price of lithium carbonate has fallen? This question has different answers for enterprises in different links of the new energy industry chain, such as people drinking water, knowing whether they are warm or cold.

　　First, the price of lithium “diving”

　　The fluctuation of lithium price is determined by market supply and demand.

　　Lithium carbonate comes from lithium ore, which refers to minerals or rocks containing extractable lithium, and is mainly divided into hard rock type and salt lake type. Hard rock type lithium ores are mainly distributed in Australia, China, Canada and other countries, while salt lake type lithium ores are mainly distributed in Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and other countries in South America.

　　From 2016 to the end of 2017, the demand for new energy vehicles and electronic products broke out, which made lithium batteries in short supply and the price of lithium carbonate rose rapidly, which triggered a global lithium mine fever. The capital market rushed to invest and increased the development and reserve of lithium mines.

　　Price change of lithium carbonate since April 2017 (unit: RMB)

　　Image source: Wind

　　From the end of 2018 to the end of 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic swept the world, and the economic downturn greatly reduced the public’s willingness to consume, making the supply of lithium batteries exceed the demand. At the same time, the innovation and improvement of lithium battery technology have continuously improved the performance and efficiency of lithium batteries, which has also put pressure on the price of lithium carbonate to a certain extent. The imbalance between supply and demand and inventory backlog led to the decline in the price of lithium carbonate.

　　In 2021, the global economy gradually recovered, the demand for new energy vehicles and electronic products increased again, and the demand for lithium batteries increased, which led to a sharp rebound in lithium prices. Especially in 2022, it will continue to be at a high level of more than 450,000 RMB per ton.

　　However, behind the prosperity lies the crisis of collapse. After all, no matter how fast the demand grows, it is not as fast and stable as the mining industry. According to the Global Supply and Demand Report of Lithium-ion Battery Industry Chain in 2023 released by TrendForce, the global lithium production will reach about 860,000 tons of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) in 2022, and it is predicted that the global lithium production will reach 1.21 million tons in 2023, an increase of over 40%！this is obviously faster than the growth of market demand.

　　Overproduction leads to oversupply, and the price of lithium is “diving”, and the good days are over.

　　Second, eat the most “fat” meat and get the most “poisonous” beating.

　　From the buried mineral deposits to the batteries on the speeding electric vehicles, lithium runs through the industrial chain of lithium batteries in different forms. We simply divide this industrial chain into three links:

　　Upstream, it is a supplier of raw materials, realizing the transformation of lithium from lithium ore to lithium carbonate.

　　Midstream, a battery manufacturer, has realized the transformation of lithium from lithium carbonate to battery.

　　Downstream, it is the buyer of batteries, including new energy car companies.

　　Specifically, raw material suppliers located in the upstream of the industrial chain determine the supply of “lithium”. In China, the upstream enterprises include Tianqi Lithium Industry, Ganfeng Lithium Industry and Shengxin Lithium Energy. The year before, they made the most profits, and their output also made a “great leap forward”. Observer reported that the monthly output of battery-grade lithium carbonate in China reached 72,850 physical tons from January to November this year, up 53.79% year-on-year. However, when the price of lithium carbonate plummeted, they became the most seriously damaged enterprises. There are 27 companies whose A-shares are included in the concept of lithium mine. In the first three quarters, revenue decreased by 3.43% on average and net profit decreased by 63.47% on average. It can be seen that the output has increased, but the income has decreased, and the profit has plummeted by more than half.

　　What is more painful is that the current price of lithium has fallen below the production cost of some enterprises, that is to say, the more production, the more compensation.

　　Domestic raw materials of lithium carbonate mainly come from salt lakes in Tibet and Qinghai, spodumene in Sichuan, lepidolite in Jiangxi, and refined lithium ore mined from abroad, and the preparation cost increases in turn. According to industry experts’ estimation, the lowest cost of preparing lithium carbonate from salt lake can reach 30,000 yuan/ton, while the cost of preparing lithium carbonate from spodumene is about 70,000 yuan/ton.

　　21st century business herald once estimated that with the expansion of production, in 2022, the average cost of producing lithium carbonate by 12 domestic listed companies will increase to 124,400 yuan/ton. According to Late Finance, the cost of lithium carbonate for Yichun project in Jiangxi, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited is between 130,000 and 150,000 yuan per ton.

　　At present, the price of lithium is about to fall below 100,000 yuan/ton, that is to say, even enterprises with their own minerals can continue to produce without losing money, and only a few are left. DoNews sorted out the financial reports of some enterprises in the first three quarters, and their revenues and profits generally declined, with poor performance, especially the changes in profits were particularly bleak.

　　As the industry leader, the company’s revenue in the first three quarters was 25.68 billion yuan, down 6.99% year-on-year, and the net profit attributable to the mother was 6.01 billion yuan, down 59.38% year-on-year. Among them, in the third quarter, the company achieved revenue of 7.537 billion yuan, down 42.76% year-on-year, and net profit of 160 million yuan, down 97.88% year-on-year.

　　Tianqi Lithium’s revenue in the third quarter was 8.576 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 17.14%, and its net profit returned to its mother was 1.646 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 70.89%. Regarding the decline in profits, Tianqi Lithium said that the decline in the average selling price of lithium chemical products is the core reason for the decline in gross profit of lithium chemical products.

　　Considering that many new lithium salt projects are gradually entering the stage of capacity release, the situation of oversupply of lithium carbonate is likely to continue for some time, and the price of lithium carbonate will run at 100,000 yuan/ton or even lower. As an upstream enterprise of raw material suppliers, the days of suffering may be far away.

　　On July 17th, the winners of the 5th “Scientific Exploration Award” were officially announced, and 48 young scientists were on the list. Each winner will receive a prize of 3 million yuan funded by Tencent Foundation in the next five years. The Paper noted that a total of six scientists from the field of energy and environment won the award.By comparison, it can be seen that Adjustable Film Applicator:10 It has certain advantages and great cost performance. https://www.canrud.com/products/detail/36df5c66ebdf46a69067a9bd5c7ad81f

　　The above six people are Qiu distinguished professor of Zhejiang University, Ding Yi, vice president of the School of Electrical Engineering, Liu Cheng, professor of China University of Science and Technology and executive director of the Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instruments, Professor Wang Shuao, director of the State Key Laboratory of Radiomedicine and Radiation Protection of Suzhou University, Professor Zhang Qiang, department of chemical engineering of Tsinghua University, researcher Zhang Xinbo, director of the State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization of Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Professor Zhong Wenqi, vice president of Southeast University.

　　Ding Yi is currently a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Electrical Engineering of Zhejiang University, vice president of the School of Electrical Engineering of Zhejiang University, winner of the National Outstanding Youth Fund, national distinguished youth expert and winner of the China Electric Power Outstanding Scientific and Technological Worker Award.

　　It is committed to smart grid design and optimal operation, renewable energy planning and operation, risk analysis of complex engineering systems, demand side management and power market, and has achieved a series of original and systematic research results, and won the second prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award, one first prize of China Electric Power/Zhejiang Science and Technology Progress Award, and one second prize of China Electric Power/Zhejiang Science and Technology Progress Award. Since returning to China full-time in 2014, he has presided over 4 national natural science foundations, participated in 2 national natural science foundations, and participated in 1 national key R&D plan project as a project leader and a core team member.

　　Liu Cheng graduated from the Department of Physics of Heidelberg University in Germany in 2010, and then conducted postdoctoral research at Harvard University in the United States. In 2015, he returned to China as a professor at China University of Science and Technology. In 2019, he became the executive director of the Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instruments at China University of Science and Technology. In 2017 and 2022, he was supported by the “Youqing” and “Jieqing” projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China respectively.

　　Its main research direction is hyperspectral stereo remote sensing of atmospheric environment; The research results were published in famous journals such as Science Advances, Light: Science & Applications, Environmental Science & Technology by the first correspondent, and won 11 national invention patents. As the chief scientist of the national key research and development plan project “Multi-source satellite high-resolution remote sensing and integrated analysis technology of ozone and precursors”, he presided over the national key projects such as the national high-resolution Earth observation system and the key projects of the National Natural Science Foundation. The research results have won academic awards such as the Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress of Ecological Environment in China, the First Prize of Anhui Science and Technology (the 1st Accomplisher), the Second Prize of National Science and Technology Progress (the 2nd Accomplisher) and the China Youth Science and Technology Award.

　　Wang Xun ‘ao is the director of the State Key Laboratory of Radiology and Radiation Protection of Suzhou University, the director of the Advanced Technology Division of Suzhou University, distinguished professor, a CJ scholar of the Ministry of Education, and the winner of the Outstanding Youth Fund of the National Foundation of China. In 2007, he received a Bachelor of Science degree from China University of Science and Technology, and a Ph.D. degree from Notre Dame University in 2012. In 2012-2013, he conducted postdoctoral research in Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley.

　　Over the years, it has made a number of important achievements in the field of nuclear radiochemistry, facing the major strategic needs of China’s nuclear energy sustainable development and nuclear safety. He presided over the key R&D projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Outstanding Youth Fund of NSFC, the major instrument development project of NSFC, the nuclear energy development project of GF Science and Technology Bureau, and the JWKJW 163 key project, and put forward the concept of accurate identification of radionuclides, which was applied in the fields of spent fuel reprocessing, nuclear sewage treatment, nuclear accident emergency and so on, providing scientific basis and solutions for the problems in radiochemistry fields such as separation of lanthanum and actinides, treatment of tritium-containing wastewater, and promotion of uranium skeleton discharge.

　　Zhang Qiang is a long-term professor and doctoral supervisor in Tsinghua University. He has won the Outstanding Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation, Youth Science Award of Ministry of Education, China Youth Science and Technology Award, Beijing Youth May 4th Medal, Newton Advanced Fellowship of Royal Society, Liu Bing Award of Tsinghua University and Tian Zhaowu Award of International Electrochemical Conference. From 2017 to 2020, it was rated as “the world’s highly cited scientist” for four consecutive years.

　　It has long been engaged in the research of energy chemistry and energy materials. In recent years, we have devoted ourselves to combining the major national demand with basic research, and focused on the principle and key energy materials of lithium-sulfur batteries for the major demand of energy storage and utilization. The concepts of lithium bond chemistry and ionic solvent composite structure in lithium-sulfur battery are put forward. According to the requirements of high-energy battery, a variety of high-performance energy materials such as composite metal lithium negative electrode and carbon-sulfur composite positive electrode are developed, and lithium-sulfur flexible battery devices are constructed. He has won the first prize of natural science of the Ministry of Education and the first prize of basic research achievement award of China Chemical Industry Society.

　　Zhang Xinbo is the director, researcher and doctoral supervisor of the State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization of Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the winner of the “Outstanding Youth Fund” of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

　　It is mainly engaged in battery and electrocatalysis research, and has published more than 170 SCI papers in Nat. Chem, Nat. Energy, Chem, Joule, Nat. Commun., J. Am. Chem. Soc., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Adv. Mater., Chem. Soc. Rev Undertaking national key R&D plan, strategic pilot science and technology project of China Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation and other scientific research projects. He was awarded the “Outstanding Youth Fund” by the National Foundation of China (in 2014, the title was “Excellent”), the “Young and Middle-aged Leading Talents in Science and Technology Innovation” by the Ministry of Science and Technology (in 2016), the “Outstanding Youth Science Fund” by the National Foundation of China (in 2017), and the first prize of natural science in Jilin Province (the first finisher).

　　Zhong Wenqi is currently the vice president, second-class professor and doctoral supervisor of Southeast University. From September, 1997 to June, 2001, I studied as an undergraduate in the specialty of thermal power and automation in power plants of Southeast University. From September, 2001 to March, 2007, I continued to study for a master’s degree and a doctoral degree in thermal energy engineering. He was promoted to associate professor in April 2007 and professor in April 2010. In September 2012, he served as Dean of the School of Energy and Environment of Southeast University; Since June 2021, he has served as vice president of Southeast University.

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According to a report by Singapore’s Lianhe Zaobao on March 14, North Korean leader Kim Jong-un visited and guided a military training involving tank troops on the 13th.

Reports said that Kim Jong-un was very satisfied with the attack power demonstrated by the new main battle tank in its first appearance in this training match.

According to the report, this military activity aims to strictly test the actual combat capabilities of tank crew members and familiarize them with the combat methods of different tactical tasks.

According to a report by the KCNA News Agency on the 14th, heavy tanks quickly shuttled through various harshest combat environments, hit the target in one fell swoop with strong strike power, and broke through the solid defense line with high mobility.

KCNA said that Kim Jong-un also personally drove a new tank during the training competition of the tank troops that day to check the actual combat capabilities of the tank troops.

Reported that Kim Jong-un called it the most powerful tank in the world and expressed satisfaction with its strike capabilities and mobility. Kim Jong-un emphasized the need to organize high-intensity exercises and training competitions that simulate actual combat, and proposed the important task of improving war preparations.

Yonhap said on the 14th that Kim Jong-un’s inspection came as Seoul and Washington were holding the annual Freedom Shield exercise to strengthen deterrence against North Korea’s nuclear and missile threats.

The report said Pyongyang has long condemned joint military exercises between Seoul and Washington as a rehearsal for invasion and used them as an excuse for provocation.

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Damascus, March 17 (Reporters Ji Ze Cheng Shuaopeng) The United Nations Secretary-General’s Special Envoy for Syria, Pei Kairu, said in the Syrian capital Damascus on the 17th that the current situation in Syria is extremely difficult and faces challenges in security, economic and political process.

After meeting with Syrian Foreign Minister Mekdad that day, Pei Kaiju told the media that Syria’s humanitarian needs are increasing, but aid funds are decreasing.

Regarding the recent escalation of the conflict between the Syrian government and the opposition, Pei Kaiju urged both sides to resolve the crisis politically in a way that gave hope to the Syria people. He also said that the United Nations will continue to work hard to increase aid funds to help Syria meet relevant challenges.

The World Health Organization said on the 16th that the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance in Syria currently reaches 16.7 million, more than at any time since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011.

　　After hitting an all-time high of 590,000 yuan/ton at the end of November 2022, the price of battery-grade lithium carbonate fluctuated and fell all the way.For the immediate pressure, 电解液 With its own coping style, it can break the predicament and usher in a new life through the quality of the product itself. https://www.canrud.com/products?keyword=electrolyte

　　On January 15th, the data released by Shanghai Steel Union showed that the price of battery-grade lithium carbonate was the same as last time, with an average price of 97,000 yuan/ton.

　　On January 8, the price of battery-grade lithium carbonate fell below the 100,000 yuan/ton mark.

　　This is bad news for power battery recycling enterprises. If the price of lithium carbonate is less than 100 thousand yuan per ton, the battery recycling enterprise as a “regular army” will be unprofitable.

　　About 120,000 enterprises in China have registered the battery recycling business, while only 156 “regular army” enterprises meet the white list of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The “regular army” cannot compete with the small workshops at the C end because of its high investment and low Mao Lijiao. The standardized recovery rate of power batteries for new energy vehicles in China is less than 25%.

　　However, the traditional wet recycling process is long, polluting and costly, and the laws and regulations on battery recycling in various countries are getting stricter and stricter. Power battery recycling enterprises are fighting a siege battle about technical adjustment and business model.

　　Regulations and present situation

　　With the continuous development of new energy vehicles, there is also a gradual increase in the amount of retired power batteries. The life of power batteries is 5-8 years, so it is urgent to solve the problem of recycling retired power batteries.

　　From the perspective of chemical composition, waste lithium-ion batteries contain substances, electrolytes and their conversion products, which can cause environmental pollution and even personal injury if they enter the ecology.

　　The recycling of battery materials itself has multiple economic values. After the high-end equipment is retired, lithium batteries can still meet the needs of some low-end electrical appliances and can be used step by step; Even if it is scrapped, it can no longer meet the deeper use, and the relatively rare strategic metals such as lithium, cobalt and nickel contained in it still have regenerative value. In addition, battery material recycling also has economic value in energy consumption.

　　Japan, the United States and Europe have established relatively perfect rules in legislation and market implementation system.

　　Japan started early in the recycling of used batteries. Although there is no special legislation on batteries, in the field of environmental protection law, a circular economy legislative system of “Basic Law-Comprehensive Law-Special Law” has been established.

　　As early as 1994, Japan established a relatively perfect reverse logistics battery recycling system of “battery production-sales-recycling-recycling”. Battery manufacturers independently formulated the recycling scheme of power batteries, and vehicle manufacturers played an important role in recycling used batteries.

　　The United States mainly legislates from federal, state and local levels to form a complete legal system of battery recycling management. On the market side, the recycling model is based on the extension of producer responsibility and the deposit system, and the battery recycling network is established. At the same time, the waste battery recycling enterprises sell the purified recycled raw materials to battery manufacturers at the agreed price, completing the closed loop of the recycling industry.

　　After 20 days of publicity, the new EU battery regulation “Battery and Waste Battery Regulation” came into effect on August 17, 2023, and will be enforced on February 18, 2024.

　　There are many kinds of new battery laws in the European Union. Apart from stipulating who produces and who recycles, it basically sets an “e-passport” with a higher threshold for batteries entering the European market: providing battery carbon footprint statements and labels; Set the minimum recovery rate and material recovery target; Batteries entering the European market need to be affixed with QR codes and digital passports, among which power batteries are explicitly required to have electronic records.

　　At present, there are no specific indicators for battery recycling in China similar to those in the European Union, but as a programmatic document, the “Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Industrial Green Development” shows that a relatively complete recycling system for power batteries should be built in 2025. Since 2018, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has mainly adopted the method of recycling white-listed enterprises of power batteries, and at present, five batches of enterprises that meet the industrial standard conditions for comprehensive utilization of used power batteries in new energy vehicles have been released; At the same time, the “Management Measures for the Recycling of Power Batteries in New Energy Vehicles” is being accelerated.

　　With regard to the minimum recovery rate of raw materials, Article 8 of the EU’s Regulation on Batteries and Waste Batteries stipulates that by 2030, the proportion of recycled raw materials such as cobalt, lead, lithium and nickel will reach 12%, 85%, 4% and 4% respectively; By 2035, it will increase to 20%, 85%, 10% and 12%.

　　Image source: Xu Ming, Vice President of Tsinghua University Institute of Environment.

　　According to the data of GGII, the scarcity of global resources is expected to further increase after 2035, and the exploitable lithium, cobalt and nickel can only support the demand of that year for 35, 14 and 36 years respectively.

　　As the core strategic resources of China, lithium, cobalt and nickel are highly dependent on foreign countries.

　　According to the Global Mining Development Report 2023, in 2022, China’s imports of lithium carbonate, cobalt ore and its concentrate, and nickel ore and its concentrate all ranked first in the world.

　　Among them, lithium carbonate imports account for 54% of the total global imports, mainly from Chile and Argentina, accounting for 90% and 9% respectively; Imports of cobalt ore sand and its concentrate accounted for 91% of the total global imports, up 38% year-on-year, mainly from Congo (99.9%); Imports of nickel ore and its concentrate accounted for 92% of the total global imports, down 9% year-on-year, mainly from the Philippines (83%).

　　Many people in the industry interviewed by auto business review said that improving the recycling of power batteries can greatly alleviate the dependence on resource imports.

　　According to GGII’s forecast, it is estimated that in 2030, the recoverable lithium, cobalt, nickel and manganese resources will account for about 58%, 62%, 70% and 42% of the corresponding demand respectively.

　　Three major pain points

　　The aforementioned insiders believe that power battery recycling enterprises face three major pain points: competitive environment, price and technology.

　　According to the monthly report of power battery decommissioning data released by the secretariat of China New Energy Vehicle Power Battery Recycling Industry Collaborative Development Alliance (CABRCA) on November 20th, 2023, from January to October, 2023, a total of 139,000 tons of decommissioned power batteries were produced nationwide, with a year-on-year increase of 70.9%. Among them, Ferrous lithium phosphate accounts for more than 50%.

　　After the approval of the fifth batch of white list enterprises of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the number of white list enterprises for battery recycling has reached 156, with the planned construction capacity of 9.875 million tons of waste power lithium batteries and the capacity of 4.692 million tons approved by the EIA.

　　Compared with the planning capacity of 9.875 million tons of “regular army” on the white list, the amount of decommissioned batteries of more than 100,000 tons is too small to eat at all, and there are many low-priced “small workshops” vying for supplies.

　　According to auto business review’s understanding, the players of power battery recycling enterprises generally include two categories, one is the waste end of the factory, including the main engine factory, battery factory and automobile disassembly factory, and the other is the C end, which is large and scattered. Most of the small workshops come from the C end.

　　According to the data of Fu Bao Metal Network, there are about 120,000 enterprises registered as “battery recycling” in China. According to the survey report of the State Council Development Research Center, by 2023, the standardized recovery rate of power batteries for new energy vehicles in China is less than 25%.

　　There are two main disposal methods for decommissioned power batteries. One is step-by-step utilization. The decommissioned power lithium battery is used as a carrier of electric energy in other fields, so as to give full play to the residual value, mainly by disassembling, screening and reorganizing the battery packs with degraded performance that do not meet the standards of power batteries, and finally integrating the system. Then it is used in some fields that do not require high energy density, mostly in unmanned forklifts and AGVs, low-speed electric vehicles, and user-side energy storage power stations. Companies such as BMW have taken the lead in testing and laying out these ladder utilization scenarios.

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