Yearly Archives: 2025

　　With the rapid development of science and technology, digital and virtual assets have gradually become an important part of people’s lives. How to manage these assets safely and conveniently has become an urgent problem. Under this background, the emergence of digital wallet provides us with a brand-new solution. icash.one official website is committed to creating a powerful and personalized digital wallet for users to help users better manage, trade and protect their digital assets.In addition to domestic, icash.oneπŸÕ¯ It has also emerged in the international field and gradually gained the favor of more foreign friends. https://www.icash.uno/

　　Today, with the increasing number of digital assets, a single payment function can no longer meet the needs of users. At the beginning of its design, icash.one focused on the user experience and paid attention to the comprehensive functional layout. Whether it is storage, sending, receiving or trading, users can easily complete it on this platform. Through the account management function, users can check their asset changes at any time and master the financial dynamics. At the same time, the classified management system provided, Users can freely create different asset groups according to their own needs. This function not only simplifies the management process, but also enables users to recognize their asset portfolios more clearly.

　　Security is one of the most important considerations of digital wallet. icash.one official website has adopted multiple security mechanisms, from user authentication to asset storage, and has carried out strict security design. Through distributed technology and encryption algorithm, all user data and transaction records have been effectively protected, and users’ assets will not be threatened by hacker attacks and data leakage, whether in public or private networks. In addition, the system also provides active monitoring and abnormal alarm functions to find any suspicious transactions in time.

　　In digital asset management, user experience is a factor that can’t be ignored. icash.one has made great efforts in interface design. The simple and intuitive operation interface allows every user to get started quickly, and both beginners and experienced players can easily find the required functions. At the same time, the mobile application of the platform constantly optimizes, which ensures that users can manage their wallets conveniently at any time and any place. Through real-time notification function, users can grasp the transaction dynamics in time, so that every operation can be made in.

　　Socialization is also a highlight of icash.one. This platform is not only a personal asset management tool, but also encourages interaction and communication among users. Through social functions, users can easily share asset management experience, get suggestions from others, and even participate in community discussions. Such interaction not only increases the trust among users, but also promotes the popularization and development of digital assets. In addition, the platform adopts regularly published educational content to help users better understand the operating mechanism and market trends of digital assets.

　　In the increasingly fierce market competition, icash.one has always adhered to the principle of user-centeredness, and constantly carried out technological innovation and iterative update. Whether it is the expansion of functions or the improvement of security, the team has maintained a high degree of sensitivity, responded to market changes in time and met users’ needs. This flexibility has provided users with continuous use value, ensuring that they can always experience cutting-edge services and technologies in the process of digital asset management.

　　The digital wallet provided by icash.one official website not only has the basic functions of traditional wallets, but also strives to bring the best management experience to every user through innovative design, security and social interaction. As more and more people start to contact and use digital assets, this exclusive wallet will undoubtedly become a part of their lives, helping them to better manage their wealth in this digital era.

　　In modern life, convenience has become a great pursuit of people. Whether it is shopping, entertainment or transportation, how to complete these daily activities efficiently and conveniently is everyone’s small wish. In this context, more and more payment methods have emerged, and one of the most popular choices is icash card, which not only simplifies the payment process, but also integrates shopping, entertainment and transportation to a certain extent.precisely because icashµ„ø® The rapid development of, so also brought new opportunities to the industry. https://www.icash.uno/

　　When it comes to shopping, icash point cards provide a wealth of choices. Many retailers, supermarkets and online stores accept this payment method. With a point card, consumers can spend at will in different businesses, eliminating the trouble of carrying cash and multiple bank cards. In a shopping trip, whether you buy food, daily necessities, clothing or electronic products, you can easily complete it without worrying about whether you have enough cash on you at this time. This convenience not only improves shopping.

　　When it comes to entertainment, icash card is also widely used. Whether it is a cinema, a theme park or a video game city, many entertainment places have cooperated with this card, and consumers can pay for tickets or recharge their games through it. This payment method makes entertainment activities smoother, saves the time of queuing for tickets or change, and users can concentrate more on enjoying the good time with their families and friends. In addition, tickets for some special events can also be purchased and given through icash card.

　　In terms of transportation, icash card also shows its unique value. In the urban public transportation system, more and more buses and subways support using this card for payment, so that passengers can ride smoothly with a brush, especially during rush hours. Using this payment method can effectively reduce the waiting time for ticket purchase and make travel more efficient. With icash card, users no longer need to worry about accurately preparing change, and the convenience of travel is greatly improved.

　　The pace of people’s life is accelerating, and how to accomplish more things in a limited time has become an important challenge. Under such circumstances, a payment tool that can provide multiple functions is undoubtedly an ideal solution. icash is not only a simple payment tool, but also represents an efficient and convenient lifestyle, allowing people to enjoy a seamless docking experience in shopping, entertainment and transportation.

　　Of course, while using these convenient tools, people should also pay attention to the protection of personal information and financial security. Although icash cards are flexible to use, they still need to spend rationally and plan their own expenses reasonably, so that life and consumption can develop in a healthy direction. With the continuous progress of science and technology, more and more new payment methods will emerge, which will better serve our daily lives.

　　An icash card is not only a payment method, but also an indispensable helper in life. Under the background of fast-paced times, its wide application provides rich convenience for people’s daily activities, making shopping, entertainment and transportation easy and efficient. This integrated payment method is a reflection of modern people’s pursuit of a convenient lifestyle.

　　In modern society, financial freedom has become the goal pursued by more and more people. In the process of pursuing this goal, it is particularly important to effectively manage and plan personal finance. As a comprehensive financial service platform, icash.one provides users with a series of management tools and resources. With these tools, users can grasp their financial situation more clearly, thus laying a solid foundation for realizing financial freedom.Only by working together can we turn icash‘§∏∂ø® The value of the play out, the development of the supply market needs. https://www.icash.uno/

　　The platform provides a comprehensive financial data analysis service, and users can input their own financial information such as income and expenditure into the system. Through the intelligent analysis provided by the system, they can get a clear picture of their personal financial situation. This analysis is not only a list of numbers, but also helps users identify their own consumption habits and potential financial problems. If users can find unnecessary expenditures or optimize investment methods in time, they can save more money in the long run, thus providing support for achieving financial goals.

　　Icash.one also provides a variety of portfolio and financial management solutions. Through the professional recommendation of the platform, users can get investment opportunities that meet their own risk preferences. These opportunities include not only traditional stock and bond investments, but also emerging digital currency and other investment categories. With the help of constantly updated market information and data, users can find their own financial management methods among diversified investment choices. A reasonable portfolio can effectively resist the risks brought by market fluctuations and improve the long-term appreciation ability of assets for the future.

　　The learning of financial knowledge is also a highlight of the platform. icash.one has prepared rich educational resources for users, including various online courses, articles and seminars, aiming at improving users’ financial literacy. Knowledge is an important driving force to realize financial freedom. By improving their financial management ability, users can make investment decisions more rationally and avoid economic losses caused by decision-making mistakes. Only when users fully understand the investment market and its operating mechanism can they be comfortable in the complex financial environment and seize opportunities.

　　The platform also has a user community to promote communication and experience sharing among users. Here, users can share their successful experiences, investment experiences or failure lessons with other financial managers. This mutual assistance and inspiration will undoubtedly help more users get inspiration. A good communication environment can encourage users to keep learning and making progress, so as to be more determined on the road to achieving financial goals. The cultivation of psychological quality is also an important part of financial freedom. Many successful investors can often remain calm and rationally face market fluctuations. icash.one helps users to establish a positive investment mentality and a belief in continuous learning by setting up some psychological guidance contents, which is very important for long-term financial stability and growth. On this platform, users can improve their mentality and skills and lay a psychological foundation for future wealth growth.

　　Icash.one official website has greatly broadened the vision of personal financial management, and provided users with practical tools and resources, whether it is financial analysis, investment advice or education courses, all of which are constantly helping users to realize financial freedom. Through continuous learning and active practice, users can walk more steadily on the road of financial management, and finally move towards the long-awaited road of financial freedom.

　　In today¨s fast-paced world, power efficiency is crucial. Whether you¨re powering high-performance electronics, complex devices, or appliances, having a reliable and efficient power source can make all the difference. A high-performance 200W power adapter is not only designed for superior functionality but also plays an essential role in saving both time and energy. In this article, we will explore how these power adapters can benefit various applications and why choosing one from a trusted manufacturer like JYH Electronics can significantly enhance your overall experience.For these reasons, I think custom power adapter supplier The situation is still optimistic, and the market is still in a blue ocean stage. https://www.jyh-electronic.com/

　　What is a 200W Power Adapter?

　　A 200W power adapter is a versatile, high-capacity unit designed to provide steady and reliable power to a variety of electronic devices. With a power output of 200 watts, these adapters are powerful enough to handle more demanding loads, ensuring that your devices run efficiently and safely. The high-performance power adapter can be used across different industries, including consumer electronics, medical equipment, industrial applications, and more.

　　How a High-Performance 200W Power Adapter Can Save You Time and Energy

　　Key Features of a 200W Power Adapter

　　1.High Power Output: A 200W power adapter delivers sufficient power for devices requiring medium to high power consumption. This output is ideal for electronics such as laptops, gaming consoles, LED lighting, and even some industrial machinery.

　　2.Compact Design: Despite its high output, the adapter is designed to be compact and easy to integrate into various systems. Manufacturers like JYH focus on providing solutions that do not compromise on space, ensuring that the adapter fits into tight spots while delivering optimal performance.

　　3.Energy Efficiency: One of the key benefits of a high-performance 200W power adapter is its energy efficiency. A good quality adapter ensures that the conversion of AC to DC power happens with minimal loss, reducing electricity wastage and improving overall device performance.

　　4.Overload and Short-Circuit Protection: Safety is a priority. High-performance power adapters are equipped with features like overload protection and short-circuit protection to ensure that the devices connected to them remain safe from potential damage caused by electrical fluctuations.

　　5.Wide Input Range: Many 200W power adapters, especially those from reputable brands like JYH Electronics, offer a wide input voltage range, allowing them to be used in various global markets with different electrical standards.

　　With the rapid development of science and technology, digital and virtual assets have gradually become an important part of people’s lives. How to manage these assets safely and conveniently has become an urgent problem. Under this background, the emergence of digital wallet provides us with a brand-new solution. icash.one official website is committed to creating a powerful and personalized digital wallet for users to help users better manage, trade and protect their digital assets.precisely because icashµ„ø® The rapid development of, so also brought new opportunities to the industry. https://www.icash.uno/

　　Today, with the increasing number of digital assets, a single payment function can no longer meet the needs of users. At the beginning of its design, icash.one focused on the user experience and paid attention to the comprehensive functional layout. Whether it is storage, sending, receiving or trading, users can easily complete it on this platform. Through the account management function, users can check their asset changes at any time and master the financial dynamics. At the same time, the classified management system provided, Users can freely create different asset groups according to their own needs. This function not only simplifies the management process, but also enables users to recognize their asset portfolios more clearly.

　　Security is one of the most important considerations of digital wallet. icash.one official website has adopted multiple security mechanisms, from user authentication to asset storage, and has carried out strict security design. Through distributed technology and encryption algorithm, all user data and transaction records have been effectively protected, and users’ assets will not be threatened by hacker attacks and data leakage, whether in public or private networks. In addition, the system also provides active monitoring and abnormal alarm functions to find any suspicious transactions in time.

　　In digital asset management, user experience is a factor that can’t be ignored. icash.one has made great efforts in interface design. The simple and intuitive operation interface allows every user to get started quickly, and both beginners and experienced players can easily find the required functions. At the same time, the mobile application of the platform constantly optimizes, which ensures that users can manage their wallets conveniently at any time and any place. Through real-time notification function, users can grasp the transaction dynamics in time, so that every operation can be made in.

　　Socialization is also a highlight of icash.one. This platform is not only a personal asset management tool, but also encourages interaction and communication among users. Through social functions, users can easily share asset management experience, get suggestions from others, and even participate in community discussions. Such interaction not only increases the trust among users, but also promotes the popularization and development of digital assets. In addition, the platform adopts regularly published educational content to help users better understand the operating mechanism and market trends of digital assets.

　　In the increasingly fierce market competition, icash.one has always adhered to the principle of user-centeredness, and constantly carried out technological innovation and iterative update. Whether it is the expansion of functions or the improvement of security, the team has maintained a high degree of sensitivity, responded to market changes in time and met users’ needs. This flexibility has provided users with continuous use value, ensuring that they can always experience cutting-edge services and technologies in the process of digital asset management.

　　The digital wallet provided by icash.one official website not only has the basic functions of traditional wallets, but also strives to bring the best management experience to every user through innovative design, security and social interaction. As more and more people start to contact and use digital assets, this exclusive wallet will undoubtedly become a part of their lives, helping them to better manage their wealth in this digital era.

　　In today’s fast-paced world, we rely heavily on our smartphones for communication, work, and entertainment. However, ensuring that your phone stays charged while using it throughout the day can be a challenge. This is where the 72W wall outlet charger comes in. A high-performance charger like this offers multiple advantages, including faster charging times and improved power delivery for phones. In this article, we’ll explore how a 72W wall outlet charger can enhance your phone’s power delivery and provide a better charging experience.In view of the actual needs of society, international power adapter We need to change some original problems to better serve the society and benefit people. https://www.jyh-electronic.com/

　　How a 72W Wall Outlet Charger Enhances Power Delivery for Phones

　　1. Understanding the Importance of a Powerful Wall Outlet Charger

　　Before diving into how the 72W Wall Outlet Charger works, it’s important to understand why power delivery is essential for your phone. Modern smartphones come with high-capacity batteries and advanced features, which often require more power to operate efficiently. A standard charger may not always provide sufficient power for quick charging, especially if you’re using your phone while charging.

　　A 72W wall outlet charger, on the other hand, delivers more wattage, which results in faster charging speeds and a more efficient power transfer to your phone.

　　2. Faster Charging Times for Your Smartphone

　　One of the primary benefits of using a 72W wall outlet charger is the significant reduction in charging time. Traditional chargers may take hours to fully charge a smartphone, but a higher wattage charger like the 72W can cut down charging time by up to 50% or more. This means you can get more done in less time, especially if you’re in a rush and need to quickly charge your phone before heading out.

　　The JYH 72W wall outlet charger is designed to charge multiple devices simultaneously, so whether you’re charging a phone, tablet, or even a laptop, it ensures efficient and quick power delivery to all devices.

　　3. Enhanced Power Delivery for Modern Smartphones

　　Smartphones today are equipped with advanced charging technologies, such as Qualcomm Quick Charge and USB Power Delivery (PD). These technologies are designed to optimize charging speeds, but they require a power source that can deliver the right amount of energy.

　　A 72W wall outlet charger equipped with these technologies ensures that your phone receives the correct power for optimal charging. By supporting fast-charging protocols like Quick Charge and USB-PD, the JYH 72W charger enhances the overall charging experience by delivering a consistent and powerful flow of energy, which prevents overheating and ensures the longevity of your phone’s battery.

　　With the development of science and technology and the accelerated pace of life, people’s demand for payment methods has gradually changed to convenience and efficiency. Under this background, various electronic payments and digital currency emerge one after another, but some payment scenarios in real life still need practical and convenient solutions. At this time, the emergence of icash prepaid cards undoubtedly provides a simple and effective choice for our payment life.The above conclusions show that icash≥‰÷µø® To a great extent, it can bring new vitality to the market and make the industry develop well. https://www.icash.uno/

　　Icash prepaid card is a kind of prepaid card. Users can recharge a certain amount of money into the card by purchasing this card, and then use it directly during consumption. Compared with the traditional cash payment, this method greatly simplifies the transaction process, and eliminates the cumbersome wallet management and the trouble of change. Whether shopping in shopping malls, dining in restaurants or even in daily small consumption, icash prepaid card can complete payment efficiently, completely releasing users’ time and energy.

　　In the process of use, the operation of icash prepaid card is very simple. You can easily complete the payment just by handing the card to the cashier, entering the password or scanning the code for confirmation. In any case, users can easily complete the transaction during the busy working hours in the morning or in the leisure afternoon on weekdays, avoiding all kinds of inconvenience caused by carrying cash. This convenience is particularly important, especially in the current social background that pays attention to efficiency.

　　Moreover, the application scope of icash prepaid cards is quite extensive. At present, it has covered many supermarkets, restaurants, entertainment and other industries. Users can choose suitable places to spend according to their own needs. On the one hand, using prepaid cards can not only save the time of payment, on the other hand, many merchants often provide additional preferential activities when using such cards to pay, helping users to further reduce their consumption burden. This dual advantage makes icash.

　　Security is also a highlight of icash prepaid cards. Compared with carrying a lot of cash, using prepaid cards is undoubtedly safer. Even if you accidentally lose them, you can stop the loss in time through related loss reporting services to protect your own funds. At the same time, the use of prepaid cards also avoids the common problems of shopping fraud and inconvenient payment. Therefore, more and more people are willing to choose this payment method to protect their money.

　　In the rapidly developing digital age, people’s lifestyles and consumption habits are constantly changing. In this process, adopting an effective payment method is not only to enhance convenience, but also to pursue the quality of life. With its convenient characteristics and strong applicability, icash prepaid cards meet the needs of modern consumers and make payment easier.

　　The payment method represented by icash prepaid card is not only a simple tool, but also brings a brand-new consumption experience. On this fast and convenient payment road, icash prepaid card undoubtedly plays an important role. In the future, with the further progress of science and technology and the improvement of people’s requirements for quality of life, prepaid cards will be more widely used and become an indispensable part of daily life.

　　INTRODUCTIONconsequently high powered laser pointers I also got a lot of attention and wanted to join the ranks. https://highpowerlaser.shop/collections/burning-laser

　　Since the birth of the laser in 1960, achieving high output power has been one of the eternal themes in the development of laser technology. The process of increasing laser energy is always accompanied by thermal energy, and thermal energy is useless in this process, “laser energy” and “thermal energy” are the highest and lowest quality forms of energy respectively, and the history of the development of high-power laser technology is a history of struggle with “waste heat”.

　　The first ruby laser[1″ target=_blank> that marked the birth of lasers in 1960 was a solid-state laser. Solid-state lasers usually use activated ion-doped crystals, ceramics and glass as the gain medium, and their gain medium forms include conventional bulk materials and low-dimensional materials represented by optical fibers. After the birth of solid-state lasers, on the one hand, the wavelength coverage was expanded, from the initial red light to short-wave green light, blue light, ultraviolet, deep ultraviolet development, long wavelength

　　Lasers have matured and commercialized in the near-infrared and mid-infrared bands, and on the other hand, the laser pulse width has been narrowed from microseconds (μs) to nanoseconds (ns), picoseconds (ps), and femtoseconds (fs), and attosecond (AS) lasers are expected to be engineered [2-3″ target=_blank>. The realization of high output power in any application scenario is the common goal of laser technology development [4-6″ target=_blank>.

　　With the increase of pump power, the thermal effect inside the gain medium is significantly enhanced, and the heat generated cannot be removed from the medium in time through heat conduction, resulting in an increase in the internal temperature and temperature gradient of the medium, and the thermal lensing effect and stress birefringence effect caused by the internal thermal distortion seriously deteriorate the beam quality and limit the further increase in power [7″ target=_blank>. In order to suppress the thermal effect, researchers have designed different types of solid-state lasers, such as heat-capacity lasers, thin-slice lasers, slat lasers, and fiber lasers [8″ target=_blank>, with the core idea of improving heat dissipation efficiency. In this paper, the working characteristics and research progress of the above solid-state lasers are briefly reviewed. In addition, based on the current theoretical and experimental research on the thermal conductivity (κ) of crystalline materials, from the perspective of improving the thermal conductivity of gain dielectric materials, the thinking and prospect of solving the thermal effect problem are proposed.

　　1 High-power lasers

　　1. 1 heat capacity laser

　　Heat-capacity lasers reduce the thermal distortion of gain materials by separating the working phase of the laser from the heat dissipation phase in time. When the heat capacity laser is working, the gain medium is in an approximately adiabatic environment, and its internal temperature gradient is small, and the resulting thermal distortion is also small. The internal accumulation of waste heat increases the temperature of the gain medium, which must be forced to cool after a period of continuous operation, depending on the thermodynamic properties of the material itself. Because the gain medium does not dissipate heat from the outside during the laser operation stage, its surface temperature is higher than that inside, and the compressive stress on the surface can greatly increase the damage threshold of the medium, and the allowable laser pumping strength is 5 times that of the surface in the state of tension. The output of a heat-capacity laser depends on the product of the gain medium and the temperature range of the laser that it can generate, so it is not only required that the gain dielectric material have a large heat capacity value, but also that the luminescence efficiency of the internally activated ions is less affected by the increase in temperature [9″ target=_blank>.

　　As early as 1994, Walters et al. [10″ target=_blank> used a heat-capacity laser with flash-pumped rod-shaped neodymium glass as the gain medium to achieve a pulsed laser output with an average power of more than 1 kW and a duration of several seconds, proving the feasibility of the heat-capacity laser scheme. Subsequently, the Lawrence Livermore national laboratory (LLNL) in the United States used large-size Nd3+｜Glass, Nd3+｜Gd3 Ga5 O12 (GGG) crystals, and Nd3+｜Y3 Al5 O12 (YAG) ceramics as the gain medium to carry out the research of solid-state heat-capacity lasers (see Fig. 1) [11″ target=_blank>: In 2001, LLNL used flash lamps to pump 9 pieces10 The cm〜10 cm Nd3+｜Glass obtained a pulsed laser output with an average power of 13 kW. In 2004, LLNL used a laser diode array to pump four 10cm〜10 cm Nd3+:GGG crystals to achieve 45 kW laser output. In 2006, LLNL used a laser diode array to pump five 10 cm 〜 10 cm Nd3+:YAG ceramics with an output power of up to 67 kW and a pulse duration of 500 ms. By introducing a real-time adaptive optical correction system in the cavity, the beam quality control was within 2 times the diffraction limit, and the laser running time was increased to 5 s [12″ target=_blank>.

　　Heat-capacity lasers have two important limitations: (1) the laser beam quality degrades rapidly with the increase of light generation time [13″ target=_blank>; (2) The cooling time of the gain medium accounts for 80% of the entire working cycle, which determines that the heat capacity laser cannot work at high frequency, and the working time in seconds is difficult to meet the practical requirements.

　　1. 2 thin-slice lasers

　　The gain medium of the thin slice laser is a thin sheet with a thickness of less than 1 mm, which is fixed to a rigid substrate that dissipates heat by solder, and the bottom surface of the contact acts as a cooling surface and also acts as a reflective surface for the laser and pump light, and the other side acts as a high transmission surface. Since the direction of heat flow and the direction of laser propagation are basically the same, the wavefront distortion caused by the temperature gradient can be largely ignored, resulting in a high beam quality laser output. The advantage of thin-slice lasers is that they maintain high beam quality at high power outputs. Thin-slice lasers are available in two types of pumping methods: end-pumping and side-pumping, as shown in Figure 2 [14″ target=_blank>.

　　Due to the short propagation distance of light in a single sheet, the gain capacity is limited, and the maximum output power is currently 5 kW [15″ target=_blank>, and further power increases require the cascade of multiple lamella for amplification (see Figure 3 [16″ target=_blank>). In 2000, Stewen et al. [17″ target=_blank> achieved a continuous laser output of 647 W in a single Yb3+｜YAG thin slice by end-pumping, and a maximum laser output of 1070 W by combining four thin slices. In 2009, the Boeing Company pumped 10 Yb3+:YAG thin slices to obtain a laser output of 28 kW, with a laser duration of several seconds and a beam mass close to the diffraction limit [18″ target=_blank>. The commercial thin-slice laser developed by Trumpf in Germany is capable of producing a continuous laser with a stable output power of 18 kW. Theoretical calculations show that the maximum output power of a single sheet is about 30 kW [15″ target=_blank>, and it is clear that the current experimental results are still quite far from the theoretical value.

　　At present, the main problems of thin slice lasers are: (1) high requirements for crystal thin slice processing and welding process; (2) The gain capacity of a single sheet is limited, and the cascade of multiple pieces will make the optical path of the system extremely complex, which requires high precision assembly and adjustment ability of the system.

　　1 IntroductionSince then, more and more people have found that strong laser pointer high power The value of, thus affecting the choice of many people. https://highpowerlaser.shop/collections/burning-laser

　　Laser beam synthesis has been proposed and widely studied and applied in order to overcome the challenges encountered in improving the performance of single laser beams. As early as the 60s of the 20th century, Mr. Liu Songhao [1″ target=_blank> pointed out in the article “The Development Status of Lasers”: “In terms of device structure, in order to increase the output energy of a single rod-shaped working substance, in addition to increasing the length and diameter of the rod and increasing the energy density of the excitation light source, a multi-light source excitation device can be used. In order to increase

　　With the addition of output energy, dozens or even hundreds of devices can be coupled to form a so-called light maser array. The use of a maser array not only has the potential to greatly increase the output energy of the device, but also reduces the divergence angle of the output beam

　　Few. This approach has the potential to be one of the ways to develop high-energy devices. “The results of the literature survey show that the research process of laser beam synthesis is almost synchronous with that of lasers [2” target=_blank>

　　。 As stated in Ref. [1″ target=_blank>, “The implementation of the light maser array is very difficult, and many complex scientific and technical problems must be solved. ￣

　　Since the beginning of the 21st century, fiber laser has been fully developed. With the overlapping factors such as the modularization of fiber lasers, the superior performance of fiber devices, and the rapid development of information technology, important progress has been made in laser beam synthesis technology with fiber lasers as typical units [3-12″ target=_blank>, which has become a scientific frontier and key research direction in the field of lasers, and has been an important topic of international conferences such as Photonics West and Advanced Fiber Laser.

　　The domestic research results are also very fruitful, with scientific and technological journals successively publishing special albums [13-14″ target=_blank>, comprehensive academic conferences setting up special seminars [15″ target=_blank>, and beam synthesis gradually realizing the empowerment of laser systems [16″ target=_blank>. There are many types of lasers that can be synthesized and technical solutions for synthesis [17-23″ target=_blank>. Ref. [24″ target=_blank> provides a comprehensive analysis of the progress of laser beam synthesis from 2011 to 2020, covering all laser types. Ref. [25″ target=_blank> focuses on the progress of fiber laser coherent synthesis. In this paper, we comprehensively review the research progress of various synthesis technologies in recent years from multiple perspectives such as power synthesis, spectral synthesis, coherent synthesis and composite synthesis, analyze the development trend, summarize the research experience, and refine the latest trends, so as to provide reference for scientific research, teaching and application personnel in the field of fiber laser and beam synthesis.

　　2 Power synthesis

　　Power synthesis is the most common laser synthesis method [26″ target=_blank>, which can generally be divided into two categories: space power synthesis and all-fiber power synthesis. Among them, space synthesis generally refers to the control of the optical axis of each laser beam to make it pass

　　Free transmission or focusing and other methods to achieve spot coincidence at the target. Their common feature is that the beam quality is reduced while increasing the power [27″ target=_blank>. The pigtail coupled diode laser, which is commonly used in the development of fiber lasers, mostly adopts the method of spatial synthesis in its internal structure. For fiber lasers, most of the reports on spatial synthesis have focused on the development of high-power fiber laser systems [28″ target=_blank>. In recent years, there have been few reports on technology.

　　In contrast, all-fiber power synthesis has been a hot topic in laser synthesis in recent years, and its typical structure is shown in Figure 1 [29″ target=_blank>. As early as 2013, IPG Photonics reported that the world’s first 100 kW high-power fiber laser system was realized based on the power synthesis of 90 kW lasers, which was successfully applied to the field of laser processing [30″ target=_blank>. Soon after, a high-power fiber laser system in the 120 kW class was reported. The key to all-fiber power synthesis is the low-insertion-loss, high-power adaptive power combiner, which IPG Photonics’ homepage envisions for a 500 kW power output [31″ target=_blank>.

　　With the improvement of traction and power combiner performance required by applications, in recent years, several units have realized 100 kW fiber laser systems based on all-fiber power synthesis. In 2021, the University of South China and Ruike Gong

　　The company reported the first 100 kW fiber laser system in China [32-33″ target=_blank>; In 2024, Kaplin, Han’s, and Chuangxin have successively reported high-power fiber laser systems ranging from 150 kW to 200 kW [29,34-36″ target=_blank>. As long as the power beam combiner has sufficient “brightness redundancy” (i.e., the product of the diameter of the output pigtail and the numerical aperture is greater than the sum of the diameter and numerical aperture of all input fibers), then there is great potential to achieve low insertion loss and high power acceptance. Of course, the product of the diameter of the output pigtail and the numerical aperture also determines the beam quality of the output laser, which determines the application scenario and application effect.

　　In addition to continuing to increase the output power, there are three trends worth paying attention to in the power synthesis of all-fiber structures. The first is the development of ultra-high power fiber laser systems of 100 kW (or more) based on all-fiber power synthesis, which not only drives technological progress in the direction of laser devices and laser technology, but also promotes the development of advanced optoelectronic measurement [37″ target=_blank>. For example, the 150 kW fiber laser system reported in Ref. [35″ target=_blank> has been criticized by researchers because the output power exceeds the range of common calorimetry-based laser power meters

　　The innovative use of optical pressure-based power measurement methods [38″ target=_blank> provides a solution for direct measurement of higher power lasers. The second is the quality (brightness) of the laser beam synthesized by power. As mentioned above, if the product of the diameter of the output pigtail and the numerical aperture is large enough, then ultra-high power output can be achieved

　　But the quality of the output laser beam will deteriorate. The author has noticed that in 2009, IPG Photonics announced a project to achieve an output power of more than 50 kW and a beam quality of M2 through multi-laser all-fiber power synthesis (e.g., phase control [25″ target=_blank>) are possible.To further improve the beam quality of the system output, for example, Ref. [40″ target=_blank> has achieved a highly stable near-single-mode 10,000-watt laser output, and the mode control based on photonic lanterns [41″ target=_blank>, which has attracted much attention in recent years, is essentially in this category.

　　Laser pointer, a seemingly ordinary gadget, but you know what? They can cause damage to the camera. Let’s explore this question and how to avoid this potential risk.This shows that, laser burner It has a strong development pulse and is an indispensable source of power for the development of the industry. https://highpowerlaser.shop/collections/burning-laser

　　The essence of a laser is a highly concentrated beam of light with considerable energy. Although the power of the laser pointer is relatively low, it can still cause damage to the camera’s sensor if it is directly irradiated to the camera lens.

　　Irradiating a laser beam may cause damage to the sensor or even disable the camera. In indoor or outdoor environments, there is a potential risk as long as the camera is exposed to the laser beam.

　　For a better understanding, we can analyze the effect of lasers on cameras from a scientific point of view. Lasers have a high energy density, and photons are able to generate heat on the lens and sensor. This heat can damage the sensor’s structure, leading to a decrease in image quality or even malfunction.

　　According to multiple experimental reports on the Internet, the degree of damage to the camera caused by the laser pointer is related to the intensity of the laser and the irradiation time. Generally speaking, the power of ordinary laser pointers on the market, such as the one used for presentations, is usually around 5 milliwatts, and it will not cause much damage to the camera in a short time.

　　But if it’s a higher-powered laser pointer, such as a 3B-like laser, they generate enough heat to damage the camera after a long period of exposure.

　　So, if you accidentally shine a laser pointer on the camera, don’t worry too much, a brief contact is unlikely to cause permanent damage. But to be on the safe side, try to avoid this as much as possible.

　　However, this doesn’t mean that all cameras will be affected to the same extent. The material, design, and manufacturing quality of a sensor can affect its resistance to lasers. For example, some surveillance cameras may be equipped with special lenses or filters that are used to attenuate the effects of the laser beam, reducing the risk of damage.

　　To protect your camera, there are a few simple precautions you can take.

　　First of all, when using the laser pointer yourself, try to avoid shining the beam directly on the phone camera. Secondly, if you notice someone using a laser pointer (the same is true for spotlights on stage and concerts), especially near the camera, put away your phone in time and stop shooting directly to avoid potential dangers. Finally, when not using your phone, use a phone case or cover to protect the camera lens from the laser beam.

　　In practice, although laser pointers may have some impact on the camera, taking proper precautions and using them with caution can effectively reduce the potential risk of damage.

　　The above is an analysis of the damage that a laser pointer can cause to the camera. Do you understand? Feel free to leave a message in the comment area.