Monthly Archives: September 2025

　　What is the difference between dry type transformer and oilWe have every reason to believe. oil immersed transformer It will become the mainstream of the industry and will gradually affect more and more people. https://www.jslhtf.com/

　　

　　In power transmission and distribution systems, transformers serve as the core equipment for voltage conversion, directly impacting grid stability, operational costs, and safety.

　　

　　Oil-immersed and dry-type transformers are the two most widely used types, each with distinct structural designs and performance characteristics. This article provides a professional analysis of their advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios to guide optimal selection.

　　

　　Oil-Immersed Transformers: Traditional Power Solutions with Insulating Oil

　　

　　Oil-immersed transformers use insulating oil (mineral oil or vegetable-based oil) as both the cooling and insulating medium. As the most mature transformer type in the power industry, they dominate high-voltage and large-capacity applications.

　　

　　Technical Principles and Structural Features

　　

　　The core design leverages the physical properties of insulating oil for dual functions:

　　

　　Enhanced Insulation: Insulating oil has a breakdown voltage (25-35kV/mm) far exceeding air (3kV/mm), effectively isolating high-voltage windings from grounded enclosures.

　　

　　Efficient Heat Dissipation: Through natural convection or forced circulation (with oil pumps), the oil transfers heat from the core and windings to the tank walls or external radiators.

　　

　　Key components include:

　　

　　Main Parts: Core, high/low-voltage windings.

　　

　　Auxiliary Systems: Oil tank, conservator, breather, and explosion vent. The conservator compensates for oil volume changes, the breather adsorbs moisture, and the explosion vent releases pressure during emergencies.

　　

　　Advantages of Oil-Immersed Transformers

　　

　　High Capacity and Efficiency

　　

　　With a thermal conductivity 3-4 times that of air, oil enables large-capacity designs (from hundreds of kVA to tens of MVA). Efficiency reaches 95%-99.5% under full load, ideal for power plants and long-distance transmission.

　　

　　Superior Insulation Stability and Long Lifespan

　　

　　The sealed tank environment protects windings from moisture and dust, extending the lifespan to 20-30 years (or over 40 years for premium models), outlasting many dry-type transformers.three phase power transformer

　　

　　Strong Overload Capacity

　　

　　It can handle 120%-150% of rated load for short periods (30-60 minutes) and is suitable for fluctuating industrial loads or seasonal demand peaks.

　　

　　Lower Lifecycle Cost

　　

　　Manufacturing costs are 20%-40% lower than dry-type transformers for the same capacity. Even with regular maintenance, the total cost of ownership remains competitive.

　　

　　Limitations of Oil-Immersed Transformers

　　

　　Safety and Environmental Risks

　　

　　Traditional mineral oil is flammable (flash point 140-160＜C), posing fire hazards if leaked. Spills also contaminate soil and water. While biodegradable vegetable oils mitigate risks, they cost 30% more.

　　

　　Installation Constraints

　　

　　Large size and weight (e.g., 1.5-2 tons for a 1000kVA unit, 1.5-2 times heavier than dry-type) require dedicated foundations or outdoor spaces, unsuitable for cramped indoor environments like high-rise basements.

　　

　　Complex Maintenance

　　

　　Regular oil testing (dielectric loss, moisture, breakdown voltage) and filtration/replacement every 1-2 years increase maintenance labor and costs.

　　

　　Dry-Type Transformers: Modern Oil-Free Power Solutions

　　

　　Dry-type transformers use air or inert gas for cooling and solid insulation

　　

　　materials (e.g., epoxy resin, Nomex paper), making them ideal for indoor and environmentally sensitive applications.

　　

　　Technical Principles and Structural Features

　　

　　Heat dissipation relies on natural air convection or forced air cooling. The insulation system consists entirely of solid materials:

　　

　　Winding Insulation: Cast resin transformers encase windings in epoxy for moisture and dust resistance; impregnated transformers coat windings with insulating varnish.

　　

　　Core Design: Similar to oil-immersed types but uses lower-loss

　　

　　silicon steel (e.g., 30Q130) to reduce heat generation.

　　

　　Common types include epoxy cast resin (most prevalent, ~80% market share), open-frame, and encapsulated designs, with cast resin dominating in harsh environments.

　　

　　Advantages of Dry-Type Transformers

　　

　　Superior Safety and Environmental Compatibility

　　

　　No flammable oil eliminates fire risks, making them suitable for high-rise buildings, hospitals, data centers, and subway stations. They also meet strict environmental regulations with zero oil leakage.

　　

　　Compact Size and Flexible Installation

　　

　　30%-40% smaller and lighter than oil-immersed units of the same capacity, enabling installation in indoor switchgear, on floors, or brackets, saving valuable space in urban areas.

　　

　　Low Maintenance Requirements

　　

　　Eliminate oil testing and replacement. Routine maintenance involves annual dust cleaning and connection checks, reducing labor costs, especially in high-wage regions.

　　

　　Excellent Environmental Adaptability

　　

　　Epoxy-encased windings withstand humidity up to 90% (non-condensing) and dusty environments, making them ideal for basements, coastal areas, and industries like textiles or food processing.

　　

　　Limitations of Dry-Type Transformers

　　

　　Limited Cooling Efficiency and Capacity

　　

　　Air¨s low thermal conductivity (0.026W/(m，K)) restricts capacity to ＋2500kVA (natural cooling) or ＋5000kVA (forced air), insufficient for large industrial plants or high-voltage substations.

　　

　　Environmental Sensitivity

　　

　　Solid insulation ages faster under high temperatures (>100＜C) or humidity (condensation). Dust accumulation on windings can cause partial discharges, shortening lifespan.

　　

　　Weaker Overload Capacity

　　

　　Can only handle 110%-120% of rated load for ＋30 minutes, unsuitable for applications with frequent load fluctuations.

　　

　　Higher Initial Cost

　　

　　Premium materials and manufacturing processes increase costs by 30%-50% compared to oil-immersed transformers, particularly for small-capacity units (<500kVA).

　　As important equipment in the power system, distribution transformers are widely used in various fields such as industry, commerce, and residential areas to ensure the stable supply of electricity.In view of the actual needs of society, oil immersed transformer We need to change some original problems to better serve the society and benefit people. https://www.jslhtf.com/

　　

　　So, what are the types of distribution transformers, and what are the differences in their applications? Today, we will help you gain an in-depth understanding of various types of distribution transformers.

　　

　　According to different classification standards, distribution transformers can be divided into different types, such as those based on main insulation medium, phase number, voltage regulation mode, and structure and function. Each type of transformer has its specific application scenarios and technical advantages.

　　

　　types of distribution transformer

　　

　　Classification by Main Insulation Medium: Oil-immersed vs. Dry-type Distribution Transformers

　　

　　According to the main insulation medium, distribution transformers can be divided into three types: oil-immersed transformers, dry-type transformers, and gas-insulated transformers.

　　

　　Oil-immersed Distribution Transformers

　　

　　Oil-immersed distribution transformers cool down by immersing the iron core and windings in insulating oil, utilizing the heat dissipation performance of the insulating oil. They have good insulation and heat dissipation effects and are suitable for most industrial and commercial places.

　　

　　For example, mineral oil distribution transformers and natural ester oil distribution transformers. Natural ester oil distribution transformers are more environmentally friendly than mineral oil transformers, with higher ignition points and better biodegradability, making them suitable for environments with higher fire protection requirements.oil distribution transformer

　　

　　According to the type of casing, oil-immersed transformers can be further divided into the following categories:

　　

　　Non-closed oil-immersed transformers: Series products such as S8, S9, and S10 are widely used in industrial and mining enterprises, agriculture, and civil buildings.

　　

　　Closed oil-immersed transformers: Typical series include S9, S9-M, and S10-M. Due to their good sealing performance, they are mostly used in places with a lot of oil stains and chemical substances, such as the petroleum and chemical industries.

　　

　　Sealed oil-immersed transformers: Products such as BS9, S9-, S10-, S11-MR, SH, and SH12-M series can be widely used in power distribution in various places such as industrial and mining enterprises, agriculture, and civil buildings.

　　

　　However, oil-immersed transformers also have some disadvantages, such as the risk of oil leakage during operation, which may cause fire hazards.

　　

　　Dry-type Distribution Transformers

　　

　　Dry-type distribution transformers do not use insulating liquids. Instead, they use materials such as epoxy resin for insulation and rely on natural air cooling for heat dissipation. They are suitable for places with high requirements for fire and moisture resistance. They have a simple structure and are easy to maintain, and are commonly found in high-rise buildings or areas with dense equipment.

　　

　　Dry-type transformers can be divided by insulation medium into:

　　

　　Encapsulated coil dry-type transformers: Series products such as SCB8, SC (B) 9, SC (B) 10, and SCR-10 are suitable for places with high fire protection requirements, such as high-rise buildings, commercial centers, airports, stations, subways, hospitals, and factories.

　　

　　Non-encapsulated coil dry-type transformers: Represented by series products such as SG10, they are also suitable for high-rise buildings, commercial centers, airports, stations, subways, petrochemical industries, and other places.

　　

　　dry type distribution transformer

　　

　　The advantages of dry-type transformers also include high working voltage, large capacity, high insulation strength, strong short-circuit resistance, environmental friendliness and easy recycling, low operating noise, small size, light weight, convenient installation, and debugging. They can be installed in the center of the load, without the need for a special foundation, and without a separate transformer room or core lifting maintenance, which can save floor space.

　　

　　Gas-insulated Distribution Transformers

　　

　　Gas-insulated transformers are a new type of disaster-prevention transformer, mainly used to meet the needs of power supply quality and reduce line losses. They are usually installed on the ground floor of high-rise buildings to bring power transformation equipment closer to users. This type of transformer has good fire and explosion-proof properties, and can adapt to high humidity and dusty environmental conditions. Its manufacturing technology has matured after 30 years of development and has now achieved commercial mass production.

　　

　　Gas-insulated transformers are divided into dry and wet types. The dry type uses SF6 gas as the insulation and cooling medium; the wet type mainly uses SF6 gas as the insulation medium and liquid-gas two-phase fluorides (such as FC-75 (C8F16O), Freon R-113 (C2Cl3F3)) as the cooling medium, which cools the transformer through changes in the state of the substance.

　　

　　Its advantages include excellent fire and explosion-proof performance (SF6 gas is non-flammable and has high stability, and solid and liquid materials are also non-flammable), resistance to humid environments (the interior of the transformer is sealed and not affected by external moisture, dampness, and dust), low maintenance (the interior is sealed, insulation materials are not easy to deteriorate, and no complex oil treatment and maintenance work is required), small floor space and light weight (SF6 gas has excellent insulation and heat dissipation performance), and a wide range of applications (suitable for various environments, especially large-scale projects and ultra-high voltage fields).

　　

　　Classification by Phase Number: Single-phase Distribution Transformers and Three-phase Distribution Transformers

　　

　　Single-phase distribution transformers are mainly used in low-voltage distribution networks and are suitable for single-phase loads. They are mainly used in homes or small commercial places. They have a simple structure, small size, low loss, and are very commonly used.

　　

　　For industrial electricity or places that require three-phase electricity, three-phase distribution transformers are undoubtedly more suitable. They can support larger loads and are applicable to places with large-scale power demand, such as factories, commercial buildings, and power grid transmission.single phase pole mounted transformer? (10)

　　

　　Three-phase distribution transformers have various connection methods, including delta, star, etc. Different connection methods can meet different power needs.

　　

　　3 phase power transformer (6)

　　

　　Classification by Voltage Regulation Mode: On-load Voltage Regulation Distribution Transformer vs. Off-load Voltage Regulation Distribution Transformer

　　

　　On-load voltage regulation distribution transformers are equipment with tap changers, which can adjust the taps under load operation to achieve voltage regulation.

　　

　　This type of distribution transformer is very suitable for places with large load changes and high requirements for voltage stability, such as places with large industrial equipment and high-rise buildings.

　　

　　In contrast, off-load voltage regulation distribution transformers need to be adjusted when power is cut off; that is, they can only be adjusted when there is no load.

　　

　　Although the operation is relatively troublesome, its structure is simpler and the cost is lower, so it is suitable for occasions where the load changes little.

　　

　　Classification by Structure and Function: Special-purpose Distribution Transformers

　　

　　With the development of technology, distribution transformers have shown more diversified applications in some specific scenarios.

　　

　　For example, oil-immersed distribution transformers for wind power are specially used in wind farms to boost and transmit the electric energy generated by wind turbines. This type of transformer not only needs to adapt to harsh environments but also has strong impact resistance.

　　

　　In addition, underground distribution transformers are often used in urban residential areas or commercial centers. They occupy less land, have high safety, can effectively save space, and have better coordination with the surrounding environment.

　　

　　Mining distribution transformers are specially designed for special environments such as coal mines and metal mines. They have multiple characteristics, such as explosion-proof, moisture-proof, and dust-proof, to ensure stable operation in harsh environments.

　　

　　Combined and Integrated Distribution Transformers

　　

　　Combined distribution transformers integrate transformers, switchgear, fuses, and other supporting facilities into one device, which reduces the floor space and improves the convenience of installation and maintenance.

　　

　　This type of distribution transformer is mostly used in places with high space requirements, such as high-rise buildings and residential communities.

　　

　　Integrated distribution transformers combine high-voltage modules, transformer modules, low-voltage distribution modules, and other components into a compact whole.

　　

　　This not only reduces the floor space but also improves the reliability and operating efficiency of the power supply. It is a common choice in urban distribution network transformation and new construction projects.

　　

　　After learning about the various types of distribution transformers, do you have a deeper understanding of this large family?

　　

　　Whether it is oil-immersed or dry-type, single-phase or three-phase, each type of distribution transformer has its unique advantages and application scenarios.

　　

　　Choosing the right transformer according to specific needs can greatly improve the stability and safety of the power supply.

　　What is the difference between dry type transformer and oilIn today’s market background, oil immersed transformer Still maintain a strong sales data, and constantly beat the competitors in front of us. https://www.jslhtf.com/

　　

　　In power transmission and distribution systems, transformers serve as the core equipment for voltage conversion, directly impacting grid stability, operational costs, and safety.

　　

　　Oil-immersed and dry-type transformers are the two most widely used types, each with distinct structural designs and performance characteristics. This article provides a professional analysis of their advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios to guide optimal selection.

　　

　　Oil-Immersed Transformers: Traditional Power Solutions with Insulating Oil

　　

　　Oil-immersed transformers use insulating oil (mineral oil or vegetable-based oil) as both the cooling and insulating medium. As the most mature transformer type in the power industry, they dominate high-voltage and large-capacity applications.

　　

　　Technical Principles and Structural Features

　　

　　The core design leverages the physical properties of insulating oil for dual functions:

　　

　　Enhanced Insulation: Insulating oil has a breakdown voltage (25-35kV/mm) far exceeding air (3kV/mm), effectively isolating high-voltage windings from grounded enclosures.

　　

　　Efficient Heat Dissipation: Through natural convection or forced circulation (with oil pumps), the oil transfers heat from the core and windings to the tank walls or external radiators.

　　

　　Key components include:

　　

　　Main Parts: Core, high/low-voltage windings.

　　

　　Auxiliary Systems: Oil tank, conservator, breather, and explosion vent. The conservator compensates for oil volume changes, the breather adsorbs moisture, and the explosion vent releases pressure during emergencies.

　　

　　Advantages of Oil-Immersed Transformers

　　

　　High Capacity and Efficiency

　　

　　With a thermal conductivity 3-4 times that of air, oil enables large-capacity designs (from hundreds of kVA to tens of MVA). Efficiency reaches 95%-99.5% under full load, ideal for power plants and long-distance transmission.

　　

　　Superior Insulation Stability and Long Lifespan

　　

　　The sealed tank environment protects windings from moisture and dust, extending the lifespan to 20-30 years (or over 40 years for premium models), outlasting many dry-type transformers.three phase power transformer

　　

　　Strong Overload Capacity

　　

　　It can handle 120%-150% of rated load for short periods (30-60 minutes) and is suitable for fluctuating industrial loads or seasonal demand peaks.

　　

　　Lower Lifecycle Cost

　　

　　Manufacturing costs are 20%-40% lower than dry-type transformers for the same capacity. Even with regular maintenance, the total cost of ownership remains competitive.

　　

　　Limitations of Oil-Immersed Transformers

　　

　　Safety and Environmental Risks

　　

　　Traditional mineral oil is flammable (flash point 140-160＜C), posing fire hazards if leaked. Spills also contaminate soil and water. While biodegradable vegetable oils mitigate risks, they cost 30% more.

　　

　　Installation Constraints

　　

　　Large size and weight (e.g., 1.5-2 tons for a 1000kVA unit, 1.5-2 times heavier than dry-type) require dedicated foundations or outdoor spaces, unsuitable for cramped indoor environments like high-rise basements.

　　

　　Complex Maintenance

　　

　　Regular oil testing (dielectric loss, moisture, breakdown voltage) and filtration/replacement every 1-2 years increase maintenance labor and costs.

　　

　　Dry-Type Transformers: Modern Oil-Free Power Solutions

　　

　　Dry-type transformers use air or inert gas for cooling and solid insulation

　　

　　materials (e.g., epoxy resin, Nomex paper), making them ideal for indoor and environmentally sensitive applications.

　　

　　Technical Principles and Structural Features

　　

　　Heat dissipation relies on natural air convection or forced air cooling. The insulation system consists entirely of solid materials:

　　

　　Winding Insulation: Cast resin transformers encase windings in epoxy for moisture and dust resistance; impregnated transformers coat windings with insulating varnish.

　　

　　Core Design: Similar to oil-immersed types but uses lower-loss

　　

　　silicon steel (e.g., 30Q130) to reduce heat generation.

　　

　　Common types include epoxy cast resin (most prevalent, ~80% market share), open-frame, and encapsulated designs, with cast resin dominating in harsh environments.

　　

　　Advantages of Dry-Type Transformers

　　

　　Superior Safety and Environmental Compatibility

　　

　　No flammable oil eliminates fire risks, making them suitable for high-rise buildings, hospitals, data centers, and subway stations. They also meet strict environmental regulations with zero oil leakage.

　　

　　Compact Size and Flexible Installation

　　

　　30%-40% smaller and lighter than oil-immersed units of the same capacity, enabling installation in indoor switchgear, on floors, or brackets, saving valuable space in urban areas.

　　

　　Low Maintenance Requirements

　　

　　Eliminate oil testing and replacement. Routine maintenance involves annual dust cleaning and connection checks, reducing labor costs, especially in high-wage regions.

　　

　　Excellent Environmental Adaptability

　　

　　Epoxy-encased windings withstand humidity up to 90% (non-condensing) and dusty environments, making them ideal for basements, coastal areas, and industries like textiles or food processing.

　　

　　Limitations of Dry-Type Transformers

　　

　　Limited Cooling Efficiency and Capacity

　　

　　Air¨s low thermal conductivity (0.026W/(m，K)) restricts capacity to ＋2500kVA (natural cooling) or ＋5000kVA (forced air), insufficient for large industrial plants or high-voltage substations.

　　

　　Environmental Sensitivity

　　

　　Solid insulation ages faster under high temperatures (>100＜C) or humidity (condensation). Dust accumulation on windings can cause partial discharges, shortening lifespan.

　　

　　Weaker Overload Capacity

　　

　　Can only handle 110%-120% of rated load for ＋30 minutes, unsuitable for applications with frequent load fluctuations.

　　

　　Higher Initial Cost

　　

　　Premium materials and manufacturing processes increase costs by 30%-50% compared to oil-immersed transformers, particularly for small-capacity units (<500kVA).

　　What is inside a power transformer? As a core device for energy conversion and transmission in power systems, the performance, efficiency, and service life of a transformer directly depend on the selection of main materials and structural design.pass dry type transformer As can be seen from its market performance, it has strong vitality and strong appeal. https://www.jslhtf.com/

　　

　　From energy conversion in the magnetic circuit to current conduction in the circuit, from safety protection by insulation to stable support by structures, the characteristics of each material profoundly affect the operational performance of the transformer.

　　

　　This article will comprehensively dissect the core materials and structural details of the transformer main body, helping industry professionals and power practitioners gain an in-depth understanding of its working principles and selection logic.

　　

　　what-is-inside-a-power-transformer-3

　　

　　Magnetic Circuit Materials: The ＾Heart￣ of Transformer Energy Conversion

　　

　　The magnetic circuit is the core link for a transformer to achieve electromagnetic induction. The magnetic properties of its materials directly determine no-load loss, volume, and energy efficiency. Currently, mainstream magnetic circuit materials include silicon steel sheets and amorphous alloy cores, each with its own focus in performance, craftsmanship, and application scenarios.

　　

　　1. Silicon Steel Sheets: The ＾Performance Leader￣ Among Traditional Magnetic Circuit Materials

　　

　　Silicon steel sheets (also known as electrical steel) are the mainstream material for transformer cores. Their core role is to achieve efficient conduction of magnetic flux through high magnetic permeability while reducing iron loss (hysteresis loss and eddy current loss). The performance requirements for silicon steel sheets focus on three core indicators: low iron loss, high magnetic induction, and good processability.

　　

　　Low iron loss: Iron loss is the main source of transformer no-load loss. The lower the iron loss, the more energy-efficient the transformer operation. Countries classify grades based on iron loss values. For example, China¨s 30Q120 silicon steel sheet has an iron loss value (P17/50) ＋ 1.20W/kg, suitable for high-efficiency transformers.

　　

　　High magnetic induction: High magnetic induction intensity (such as B800A) under a strong magnetic field can reduce the core volume and save materials. For instance, the B800A of ordinary cold-rolled grain-oriented silicon steel sheets (CGO) is 1.78~1.85T, while that of high-magnetic-permeability silicon steel sheets (Hi-B steel) can reach above 1.85T, reducing core weight by approximately 10%-15%.

　　

　　Good processability: Silicon steel sheets with smooth surfaces, uniform thickness, and good punchability can improve the core filling factor. Typically, high-quality silicon steel sheets have a filling factor of over 0.97, reducing losses caused by magnetic circuit gaps.

　　

　　what-is-inside-a-power-transformer-7

　　

　　Classification and Application Scenarios of Silicon Steel Sheets

　　

　　According to performance and processing technology, silicon steel sheets can be divided into three categories, suitable for transformer energy efficiency requirements:

　　

　　Ordinary cold-rolled grain-oriented silicon steel sheets (CGO): Suitable for transformers with medium and low voltage and moderate energy efficiency requirements (such as 35kV and below distribution transformers). The deviation of grain orientation from the rolling direction is about 7＜, B800A is approximately 1.80T, with moderate iron loss and relatively low cost.

　　

　　High-magnetic-permeability silicon steel sheets (Hi-B steel): The Gaussian orientation texture degree is significantly improved through a secondary recrystallization process, with a grain orientation deviation of only 3＜ from the rolling direction. B800A can reach above 1.88T, and iron loss is 20%-30% lower than that of CGO. It is suitable for high-voltage transformers (110kV and above) or high-efficiency distribution transformers.

　　

　　Laser-scribed silicon steel sheets: Based on Hi-B steel, laser beam irradiation technology is used to generate micro-strain on the surface, further refining the magnetic axis, and reducing iron loss by 5%-10% compared with Hi-B steel. However, annealing treatment should be avoided (high temperature will eliminate the laser treatment effect), and it is mostly used in scenarios with extremely high requirements for no-load loss (such as new energy power station supporting transformers).

　　

　　2. Amorphous Alloy Cores: The ＾New Force￣ in Energy-Saving Transformers

　　

　　Amorphous alloy is a new type of soft magnetic material developed in the 1970s. It forms a thin strip (0.02-0.03mm thick) through ultra-rapid cooling technology (cooling rate up to 10?≧/s) with a non-crystalline structure. Its hysteresis loss is only 20%-30% of that of silicon steel sheets, making it the most energy-efficient magnetic circuit material currently.

　　

　　Core Advantages

　　

　　Extreme energy saving: Transformers using amorphous alloy cores have no-load loss reduced by 70%-80% and no-load current reduced by more than 50% compared with silicon steel sheet transformers. Taking a 1000kVA distribution transformer as an example, annual electricity savings can reach thousands of degrees, especially suitable for grid distribution transformers that operate for a long time.

　　

　　Simplified craftsmanship:As a non-oriented material, it can adopt a direct seam structure, making the core manufacturing process simpler; however, due to material characteristics, it can only be made into a wound core (cannot be laminated) and needs to be purchased as a whole.

　　

　　Application Limitations and Breakthrough Directions

　　

　　Despite significant energy-saving advantages, amorphous alloy cores still have some problems to be solved:

　　

　　Low saturation magnetic induction: The saturation magnetic induction is about 1.56T (1.9T for silicon steel sheets), and the design magnetic induction needs to be reduced by 20% (oil-immersed transformers ＋ 1.35T, dry-type transformers ＋ 1.2T), resulting in a slightly larger core volume.

　　

　　Stress sensitivity: The no-load performance of the strip is prone to deterioration after being stressed, so a suspended structure (only subject to its own gravity) should be adopted, and tapping is strictly prohibited during assembly.

　　

　　Difficulty in noise control: Magnetostriction is 10% larger than that of silicon steel sheets, so it is necessary to control noise by reducing the design magnetic induction (such as design magnetic induction ＋ 1.2T in sensitive areas) to meet the sound level requirements of the power grid for sensitive areas.

　　

　　Domestic progress: At present, domestic companies such as Advanced Technology & Materials Co., Ltd. and Qingdao Yunlu have achieved mass production of 213mm, 170mm, and other wide strips, with performance gradually approaching imported Hitachi Metals products, and cost advantages are becoming increasingly prominent.

　　

　　Circuit Materials: The ＾Vessels￣ for Current Conduction

　

In power transmission and distribution systems, transformers play a crucial role, and dry-type transformers, as an important member, are widely used in various places due to their advantages of safety, environmental protection, and convenient maintenance. This article will delve into the principles and structure of dry-type transformers to help everyone better understand this key power equipment.dry type distribution transformerfor a long time distribution transformer It has an extraordinary development speed, and I believe that the future will be as overwhelming as ever. https://www.jslhtf.com/

Basic Concepts of Dry-Type Transformers

A dry-type transformer is a type of transformer where the iron core and windings are not immersed in insulating liquid but are cooled by air. Compared with oil-immersed transformers, it does not require an oil tank or insulating oil, has the characteristics of small size, light weight, and easy installation, and can operate stably under relatively harsh environmental conditions, such as high-rise buildings, commercial centers, hospitals, subways, and other places with high fire protection requirements.

Working Principles of Dry-Type Transformers

(1) Basis of the Electromagnetic Induction Principle

The working principle of a dry-type transformer is based on the law of electromagnetic induction. When an alternating current is applied to the primary winding, an alternating magnetic flux is generated in the iron core. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the alternating magnetic flux passes through the secondary winding, inducing an electromotive force in the secondary winding.

(2) Voltage Transformation Process

If the number of turns of the primary winding is N1, the number of turns of the secondary winding is N2, the primary side voltage is U1, and the secondary side voltage is U2, under ideal conditions, the voltage is proportional to the number of turns, that is, U1/U2 = N1/N2. By changing the turns ratio of the primary and secondary windings, voltage can be increased or decreased to meet different electricity needs.

(3) Energy Transfer Mode

In the process of energy transfer, the primary winding absorbs electrical energy from the power source, converts the electrical energy into magnetic energy through electromagnetic induction, and stores it in the iron core. And then the magnetic energy is converted into electrical energy and output in the secondary winding, realizing the transfer of electrical energy. In an ideal state, the input power is equal to the output power.

Structural Composition of Dry-Type Transformers

(1) Iron Core

The iron core is the magnetic circuit part of the dry-type transformer, and its main function is to conduct magnetism, reduce magnetic resistance, and eddy current loss. The iron core is usually made of stacked silicon steel sheets with high magnetic permeability, and the surface of the silicon steel sheets is coated with insulating paint to reduce eddy current loss.dry type transformer supplier? (5)

The structure of the iron core has two types: core type and shell type. The core type iron core has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture, so it is widely used; the shell type iron core has high mechanical strength and is suitable for large-capacity transformers.

(2) Windings

Windings are the circuit part of dry-type transformers, responsible for current conduction and voltage transformation. Windings are generally made of copper or aluminum wires, and the surface of the wires is wrapped with insulating materials, such as polyimide film, epoxy resin, etc., to ensure insulation between windings and between windings and iron cores.

According to the arrangement of windings, they can be divided into concentric windings and overlapping windings. Concentric windings have a simple structure and are easy to manufacture, so they are widely used; overlapping windings have good insulation performance and high mechanical strength, and are suitable for high-voltage and large-capacity transformers.

(3) Cooling System

Since dry-type transformers rely on air cooling, their cooling systems are relatively simple. It mainly includes two methods: natural air cooling and forced air cooling. Natural air cooling uses natural convection of air for heat dissipation, which is suitable for small-capacity transformers; forced air cooling uses fans to force air flow to enhance the heat dissipation effect, which is suitable for large-capacity transformers. The good operation of the cooling system can ensure that the transformer operates stably at normal working temperature.

(4) Insulation Structure

The insulation structure is the key to ensuring the safe operation of dry-type transformers. In addition to the insulating materials on the surface of the winding wires, it also includes insulation between windings, between windings and iron cores, and between windings and shells.

Commonly used insulating materials include insulating paper, insulating cardboard, epoxy resin, etc. These insulating materials have good insulation performance and heat resistance, and can withstand the voltage and temperature during the operation of the transformer.

(5) Shell

The shell mainly plays a role in protecting the internal components of the transformer, preventing dust and debris from entering the transformer, and also has a certain heat dissipation and sound insulation effect.

The shell is usually made of a steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate, and the surface is anti-corrosion treated to improve its service life. The design of the shell should also consider the needs of ventilation and heat dissipation to ensure that the cooling air can circulate smoothly.

Advantages and Application Scenarios of Dry-Type Transformers

(1) Advantages

Dry-type transformers have the characteristics of no oil and good fire resistance, and will not cause fire accidents due to oil leakage, so they have high safety; they are easy to maintain, do not need to regularly check oil level, oil quality, etc., reducing maintenance workload and cost; they are small in size, light in weight, flexible in installation, and can save installation space; they are suitable for various harsh environments, such as humid, dusty, high-temperature places.

(2) Application Scenarios

Based on the above advantages, dry-type transformers are widely used in power distribution systems of high-rise buildings, commercial centers, hospitals, schools, subways, airports, industrial enterprises, and other places, and can also be used in power conversion in new energy power generation, rail transit, and other fields.

To sum up, dry-type transformers work based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and their structure is composed of iron core, windings, cooling system, insulation structure and shell. Understanding the principle and structure of dry-type transformers helps us better select, use and maintain this important power equipment, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.

Simply put, a dry-type transformer refers to a transformer whose iron core and windings are not immersed in insulating oil.

Dry-type transformers use the principle of electromagnetic induction to transmit power and signals from one circuit to another, which are important factors in power transmission and signal transmission. Its working principle is the same as that of other transformers, following the physical principle of electromagnetic coupling. Due to the mutual inductance between the two circuits, the current change in one circuit affects the other circuit through mutual inductance. There is close cooperation and mutual influence between the input and output of two or more circuit components or electrical networks, and energy is transmitted from one side to the other through interaction.

The structure type of dry-type transformer is mainly composed of an iron core made of silicon steel sheets and a coil cast with epoxy resin. An insulating cylinder is placed between the high-voltage and low-voltage coils to increase electrical insulation, and the coils are supported and restrained by pads. The fasteners for overlapping parts have anti-loosening performance.

There are three forms of dry-type transformers.

Open type: It is a commonly used form. Its body is in direct contact with the atmosphere and is suitable for relatively dry and clean rooms (when the ambient temperature is 20 degrees, the relative humidity should not exceed 85%). Generally, there are two cooling methods: air self-cooling and air cooling.

Closed type: The body is in a closed shell and not in direct contact with the atmosphere (due to poor sealing and heat dissipation conditions, it is mainly used in mines and is explosion-proof).

Cast type: Epoxy resin or other resins are used for casting as the main insulation. It has a simple structure and small volume, and is suitable for transformers with small capacity.

Characteristics and Structure of Dry-Type Transformers

1. Temperature control system

The safe operation and service life of dry-type transformers largely depend on the safety and reliability of the transformer winding insulation.

2. Cooling method

The cooling methods of dry-type transformers are divided into natural air cooling (AN) and forced air cooling (AF). When naturally air-cooled, the transformer can operate continuously for a long time under rated capacity. When forced air cooling is used, the output capacity of the transformer can be increased by 50%.

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﹛﹛1. High Upfront Conversion Costs

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﹛﹛Installing an LPG system is a significant initial investment. Costs typically range from $1,500 to $4,000 (or more), depending on:

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﹛﹛The type of vehicle (e.g., older models may require more modifications).

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﹛﹛The quality of the LPG kit (e.g., sequential injection systems are pricier but more efficient).

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﹛﹛Labor fees from certified conversion centers.

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﹛﹛This cost can take years to recoup through fuel savings〞especially for low-mileage drivers (e.g., those driving <10,000 km/year).

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﹛﹛2. Reduced Cargo/Boot Space

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﹛﹛LPG requires a dedicated storage tank, which is usually mounted in the car＊s boot (trunk) or under the vehicle. For most cars, this:

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﹛﹛Occupies a significant portion of boot space (e.g., a typical 60-liter tank can reduce usable space by 30每50%).

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﹛﹛May limit the ability to carry large items (e.g., luggage, sports equipment) or fold down rear seats.

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﹛﹛Some larger vehicles (e.g., SUVs, vans) can accommodate underfloor tanks, but this is less common for smaller cars.

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﹛﹛3. Limited Refueling Infrastructure

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﹛﹛LPG is not as widely available as petrol or diesel in many regions. While countries like the UK, Australia, and parts of Europe have robust LPG station networks, others (e.g., rural areas in North America, Asia, or Africa) may have few or no stations. This can:

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﹛﹛Force drivers to detour long distances to refuel, wasting time and fuel.

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﹛﹛Create anxiety about running out of LPG during long trips.

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﹛﹛4. Lower Fuel Efficiency

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﹛﹛LPG has a lower energy density than petrol (about 25每30% less energy per liter). This means:

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﹛﹛You＊ll get fewer kilometers per liter (typically 10每15% less than petrol). For example, a car that gets 15 km/l on petrol might get 12每13 km/l on LPG.

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﹛﹛More frequent refueling stops, even though each fill-up is cheaper than petrol.

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﹛﹛5. Potential Impact on Vehicle Value and Warranties

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﹛﹛Resale value: Modified vehicles with non-factory fuel systems may be less attractive to buyers, who may worry about the quality of the conversion or long-term reliability. This can lower resale prices.

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﹛﹛Warranties: Converting a new car (still under manufacturer warranty) may void parts of the warranty, as many automakers do not cover modifications to the fuel or engine systems.

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﹛﹛6. Safety Risks (If Poorly Installed)

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﹛﹛While LPG is generally safe when handled properly, unqualified or cheap conversions pose risks:

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﹛﹛Leaks in the tank or fuel lines can lead to fires or explosions.

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﹛﹛Poorly calibrated systems may cause engine misfires, overheating, or increased emissions.

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﹛﹛This underscores the need for certified installers, but even then, maintenance (e.g., regular tank inspections) adds minor ongoing costs.

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﹛﹛7. Reduced Power (In Some Cases)

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﹛﹛LPG burns slightly less aggressively than petrol, which can result in a marginal loss of engine power (5每10% in some vehicles). This is rarely noticeable in daily driving but may be felt during acceleration or when carrying heavy loads.

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﹛﹛In summary, LPG conversion＊s drawbacks primarily revolve around upfront costs, practical inconveniences (space, refueling), and long-term considerations (value, efficiency). These factors make it less suitable for low-mileage drivers, those in areas with limited LPG access, or owners of new/leased vehicles.