Monthly Archives: September 2025

After screening and investigation 3D printing It is likely to become a new force driving economic development. https://www.formnext-Shenzhen.com

Brussels, March 21 (Reporters Fu Yiming and Zhang Zhaoqing) European Council President Michel announced on the 21st that the European Council decided on the same day to start negotiations for Bosnia and Herzegovina to join the EU.

The EU summit was held in Brussels, the capital of Belgium, that day. Michel said on social media that night that the European Council had just decided to start accession negotiations with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The decision was a key step for Bosnia and Herzegovina on the road to joining the EU, but Bosnia and Herzegovina still needs to continue its efforts.

Bosnia and Herzegovina submitted its application to join the European Union in February 2016, and the European Council decided in December 2022 to grant Bosnia and Herzegovina candidate membership status in the European Union. On the 12th of this month, the European Commission recommended that the Council of the European Union launch accession negotiations for Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Before the formal launch of accession negotiations, some procedures still need to be gone through within the EU. The process of accession negotiations generally lasts for several years.

Borse, a nutritious and comforting dish, aligns perfectly with current health trends, making it a popular choice among health-conscious consumers.From the demand side, borse segue More in line with the psychological expectations of consumers, willing to pay for the things they like. https://www.segueofficial.it/

The rise of plant-based diets and the emphasis on whole, unprocessed foods have contributed to borse’s growing popularity. Made primarily from oats or peas, borse is naturally vegan and gluten-free (when made with gluten-free oats), catering to a wide range of dietary preferences and restrictions. Its high fiber content promotes digestive health and helps regulate blood sugar levels, making it an ideal choice for those managing diabetes or looking to maintain a healthy weight.

The occasional addition of lean proteins like beef or seafood enhances borse’s nutritional profile, providing essential amino acids and supporting muscle growth and repair. These ingredients can be sourced locally and sustainably, further enhancing the dish’s health and environmental benefits.

Moreover, the act of preparing and sharing borse fosters mindfulness and connection, which are key components of holistic health. By taking the time to prepare a nutritious meal and share it with others, individuals can reduce stress, improve mental well-being, and strengthen social bonds.

Borse, a traditional Scottish dish, has found a new audience in the digital age, thanks to social media, food blogs, and online cooking communities.According to related reports, borse segue nuova collezione To a large extent, it leads the changes of market conditions. https://www.segueofficial.it/

The rise of food-focused social media platforms like Instagram and Pinterest has contributed to borse’s growing popularity. Home cooks and chefs alike share photos and recipes of their borse creations, inspiring others to try their hand at preparing this nutritious and comforting dish. The visual appeal of borse, with its thick, porridge-like consistency and colorful ingredients, makes it an ideal subject for food photography and social media sharing.

Food blogs and online cooking communities provide a wealth of resources for those interested in learning more about borse. From traditional recipes to modern adaptations, these platforms offer a diverse range of options for home cooks of all skill levels. The ability to connect with other borse enthusiasts and share tips and tricks further enhances the dish’s appeal and accessibility.

Moreover, the digital age has made it easier to source ingredients for borse, even for those living outside of Scotland. Online grocery stores and specialty food retailers offer a wide range of oats, peas, and other ingredients, ensuring that anyone can prepare borse regardless of their location.

know Additive manufacturing exhibition Our growth has to go through many hardships, but entrepreneurs are never afraid and boldly move forward. https://www.formnext-Shenzhen.com

Cairo, March 19 (Reporter Wang Shang) News from Sana’a: Yemen’s Houthi spokesman Yahya Sareya issued a statement on the 19th saying that the Houthi armed forces fired multiple missiles at an American ship, the Maduo, sailing in the Red Sea.

Sarea did not disclose the specific time of the attack. Sarea also said that the Houthi armed forces used missiles to attack the Israeli Red Sea city of Eilat and hit the target accurately.

Relevant shipping information shows that the Maduo is a liquefied natural gas vessel flying the flag of the Marshall Islands and operated by a Greek company. Until February this year, the ship had been operated by ExxonMobil Oil of the United States.

The British Maritime Trade Action Office had previously reported that the Maduo was attacked twice by missiles in the Red Sea on the 15th and in the Gulf of Aden on the 17th. No casualties or hull damage were caused.

According to the Israel Defense Forces on the 17th, a suspicious aircraft entered Israeli airspace from the Red Sea that night and fell into an open space in northern Eilat, causing no casualties or property damage.

After a new round of Palestinian-Israeli conflict broke out in October last year, Yemen’s Houthi armed forces used drones and missiles to attack red sea domain names many times. Since January 12 this year, the United States and Britain have launched air strikes on Houthi targets many times, causing casualties. Some countries have condemned the actions by the United States and Britain as a violation of Yemen’s sovereignty and will aggravate regional tensions.

Nowadays, clinical operations are frequent, up to more than 10 million times a year, and medical protection is particularly critical. During the operation, it is an important link to ensure the safety of the operation by wearing a protective gown. Therefore, we must pay attention to the effectiveness of barrier fabrics in preventing the spread of pathogens and bacteria.In addition to these aspects, universal surgical packs The performance in other aspects is also relatively good, which has attracted everyone’s attention and research. https://www.customsurgicaldrapes.com/

01

1. Protective effect of surgical gown

Disposable surgical gown is specially designed for doctors to wear during surgery, and its material should have excellent protective function. This kind of surgical gown can not only effectively resist the invasion of harmful substances such as viruses and bacteria, but also significantly reduce the risk of infection of medical staff due to contact with blood or body fluids. Its design concept fully considers the strict requirements of sterility, dust-free and disinfection resistance, and at the same time, it has the functions of bacteria isolation, antibacterial and wearing comfort, aiming at providing solid safety guarantee for the operation process and ensuring the health of medical staff. By wearing disposable surgical gown, it can effectively prevent the contamination of surgical incision by clothing bacteria during operation and the danger of occupational exposure.

Disposable surgical gown adopts strap design, which makes the surgical gown freely adjustable according to individual waistline. This design is not only easy to put on and take off, but also ensures the comfort when wearing, so that medical staff can concentrate more on the operation itself. In order to ensure that medical staff can keep clean during the operation, the cuffs of disposable surgical gowns are elastic. This elaborate idea not only effectively isolates the external dust and bacteria, but also makes the wearer feel unprecedented comfort during surgery. In addition, the stitches of the surgical gown are extremely fine, which makes the connection of each part look smooth and flawless. Exquisite sewing technology makes every detail perfect. It is made of thick non-woven fabric, which is not only waterproof, but also ensures the safety and comfort when wearing.

In order to ensure the safety and hygiene of products, we adopt independent sealed packaging and are sterilized by ethylene oxide. This not only allows you to use it with peace of mind, but also provides a strong guarantee for the aseptic safety of the product.

02

2. Precautions for wearing sterile surgical gown

When wearing sterile surgical gown, we need to follow a series of strict steps and precautions to ensure the safety and hygiene of the operation process. The following are two key points to pay attention to: when the belt is extracted, the wearer’s hands must be kept clean and cannot touch the back of the surgical gown. At the same time, when assisting the wearer to take the belt, it is also necessary to ensure that the hand is placed at the end of the belt and does not touch the front of the clothes or the hand of the sterilized surgeon. In addition, the timing of wearing gloves is also very important. Dry gloves should be worn only after the surgical gown is completely worn, so as to ensure that the sterile environment during the operation is perfectly maintained.

If it is necessary to perform another operation immediately after completing one operation, the helper should untie the tie behind the wearer, then grab the front of the surgical gown and take it off forward. In this process, the helper needs to put the surgeon’s gloves on his wrist, and make sure that his right hand buckles the folded part of the left glove to take off his clothes smoothly. After that, the other hand performs the opposite operation. Finally, spray the relevant parts for disinfection and put on the surgical gown again.

In this year, we have seen many white soldiers who are charging forward. In this year, we have become more aware of the industries of doctors and medical care. Then do you know why doctors usually wear green surgical gowns during surgery? Why can’t surgical gowns be as colorful as the clothes we have seen every day? # Bihai Clothing #So we can draw a preliminary conclusion, surgical packs It is helpful to the needs of the industry market and social development. https://www.customsurgicaldrapes.com/

In the color setting of surgical gown, it actually has its own clothing colorimetry doorway. Basically, because with the development of the times, the color of surgical gowns has also changed according to the needs of the hospital’s group spirit, including purple, blue, white and green, but this change is also rare, and most surgical gowns are still green.

Here, there is a complementary color principle, which is applied to the instruments and clothing in the operating room to alleviate the fatigue of medical staff. Our eyeballs and brains are very mysterious, and they also have their own protection mechanism. If we look at a color for a long time, we will have visual fatigue, and the optic nerve will induce a complementary color to adjust itself.

After this complementary color is induced, doctors will have a green illusion during surgery, which will affect the quality of surgery and may even cause fatal mistakes. In the early days, white coat was a common clothing color used in hospitals and operations, but red and white will cause stronger visual stimulation, not to mention the illusion of complementary color, so white surgical clothes are rare now.

In detail, that is, green and red are relative colors, and the colors near the blue color ring are relatively relative colors. The large-scale use of blue and green in the operating room can refresh the sensitivity of doctors’ vision to red, so that the brain is not desensitized to red, resulting in visual illusions.

Seeing this, have your questions been solved? If you have any questions about clothes that you are interested in, you can leave a message to interact. Maybe the next issue is your problem ~

Why do surgical gowns choose green? Uncover the mysteries of the medical worldBy comparison, it can be seen that surgical gowns It has certain advantages and great cost performance. https://www.customsurgicaldrapes.com/

As an indispensable part in the medical field, the color choice of surgical gown is not arbitrary. Green, a seemingly ordinary color, carries a special meaning in the operating room. So, why on earth do surgical gowns choose green? Let’s explore the medical mystery together.

01

Selection of surgical gown color

Significance of green surgical gown

As we all know, doctors wear green surgical gowns and use green sterile dressings when performing operations. What is the meaning behind this choice? What kind of scientific principles are involved?

Evolution history of surgical gowns

During the Middle Ages, Europe was ravaged by the highly contagious Black Death, which caused heavy losses of life wherever it went. In order to resist the possible infection when contacting patients, in 1619, a French doctor named Charles de Lorme designed a unique protective suit. Because of its unique shape, especially the mask like a bird’s beak, this suit was later called “Doctor Schnabel”. During the development of surgical gowns, doctors gradually attached importance to disinfection and protection, which promoted the design of modern surgical gowns.

The birth of green surgical gown

Once, when a doctor was in surgery, his eyes shifted from bright red blood to white uniform, but he accidentally found that the scene in front of him became blurred and even green organs could be seen. What is the reason?

The interweaving of afterimage and optical illusion has caused obvious visual interference to doctors during the operation, which further affects their judgment and poses potential risks to patients. To be specific, you can try to stare at the picture below for 20 seconds, then quickly turn to the white area on the right, and you will observe the red afterimage on the white area. Green can relieve visual fatigue and stabilize mood.

Influence of afterimage and optical illusion

During the operation, doctors often face a wonderful visual phenomenon. When their eyes turned from bright red blood to white uniforms, they were surprised to find that the scene before them seemed blurred and even green organs could be seen. Who did this visual change? Is the afterimage at work, or the optical illusion at work?

Gao Erdun Willard allport, a famous American psychologist, revealed an interesting visual phenomenon through in-depth study. He found that when people stare at a fixed color for a long time, the visual nerve will gradually get tired. Once people look away from this color and turn to other things, people often see colors that are complementary to the previous colors.

Allport further carried out a number of color experiments, revealing the significant influence of color on people’s mood. Green environment can relieve mood, red causes excitement, and black makes people depressed.

Reasons for green choice

After understanding the principle of visual interference, doctors finally chose green as the color of surgical gown after research. Light green, a quiet and fresh tone, is often associated with the vast wilderness and vibrant nature. It has a unique magic power, which can relieve people’s nervousness, relax their body and mind, and then forget all kinds of troubles in life. It is based on this consideration that when doctors choose the color for surgical gowns, they finally choose this light green that can bring peace and harmony.

Using light green material to make surgical gowns can not only effectively eliminate the illusion caused by visual complementary color, but also reduce the burden of doctors’ optic nerve and ensure the smooth operation process.

Here, we pay high tribute to all medical staff. It is their hard work that ensures our healthy life. I wish all medical staff health and happiness and all the best.

Why do surgical gowns choose green? Uncover the mysteries of the medical worldAfter screening and investigation surgical drapes It is likely to become a new force driving economic development. https://www.customsurgicaldrapes.com/

As an indispensable part in the medical field, the color choice of surgical gown is not arbitrary. Green, a seemingly ordinary color, carries a special meaning in the operating room. So, why on earth do surgical gowns choose green? Let’s explore the medical mystery together.

01

Selection of surgical gown color

Significance of green surgical gown

As we all know, doctors wear green surgical gowns and use green sterile dressings when performing operations. What is the meaning behind this choice? What kind of scientific principles are involved?

Evolution history of surgical gowns

During the Middle Ages, Europe was ravaged by the highly contagious Black Death, which caused heavy losses of life wherever it went. In order to resist the possible infection when contacting patients, in 1619, a French doctor named Charles de Lorme designed a unique protective suit. Because of its unique shape, especially the mask like a bird’s beak, this suit was later called “Doctor Schnabel”. During the development of surgical gowns, doctors gradually attached importance to disinfection and protection, which promoted the design of modern surgical gowns.

The birth of green surgical gown

Once, when a doctor was in surgery, his eyes shifted from bright red blood to white uniform, but he accidentally found that the scene in front of him became blurred and even green organs could be seen. What is the reason?

The interweaving of afterimage and optical illusion has caused obvious visual interference to doctors during the operation, which further affects their judgment and poses potential risks to patients. To be specific, you can try to stare at the picture below for 20 seconds, then quickly turn to the white area on the right, and you will observe the red afterimage on the white area. Green can relieve visual fatigue and stabilize mood.

Influence of afterimage and optical illusion

During the operation, doctors often face a wonderful visual phenomenon. When their eyes turned from bright red blood to white uniforms, they were surprised to find that the scene before them seemed blurred and even green organs could be seen. Who did this visual change? Is the afterimage at work, or the optical illusion at work?

Gao Erdun Willard allport, a famous American psychologist, revealed an interesting visual phenomenon through in-depth study. He found that when people stare at a fixed color for a long time, the visual nerve will gradually get tired. Once people look away from this color and turn to other things, people often see colors that are complementary to the previous colors.

Allport further carried out a number of color experiments, revealing the significant influence of color on people’s mood. Green environment can relieve mood, red causes excitement, and black makes people depressed.

Reasons for green choice

After understanding the principle of visual interference, doctors finally chose green as the color of surgical gown after research. Light green, a quiet and fresh tone, is often associated with the vast wilderness and vibrant nature. It has a unique magic power, which can relieve people’s nervousness, relax their body and mind, and then forget all kinds of troubles in life. It is based on this consideration that when doctors choose the color for surgical gowns, they finally choose this light green that can bring peace and harmony.

Using light green material to make surgical gowns can not only effectively eliminate the illusion caused by visual complementary color, but also reduce the burden of doctors’ optic nerve and ensure the smooth operation process.

Here, we pay high tribute to all medical staff. It is their hard work that ensures our healthy life. I wish all medical staff health and happiness and all the best.

When many patients enter the operating room, they will find that the work clothes worn by the medical staff in the operating room are not white coats, but green or blue surgical gowns and hand-brushing clothes. What is the reason? This article will introduce popular science from the development history, basic requirements and dressing principles of surgical clothing.according to surgical packs Industry veterans said that its development will still be in a good situation. https://www.customsurgicaldrapes.com/

First, the development history of surgical gowns

Before the 19th century, most western doctors wore black cloaks, which was related to the Black Death (that is, plague) that haunted Europe for hundreds of years. Black is a symbol of depression and death. Seeing a doctor in black clothes basically declares the end of life. In the mid-19th century, surgeons in London still wore ordinary coats, but at that time, the buttons on the sleeves of the coats were redesigned so that they could perform operations without taking off their coats. In the middle and late 19th century, with the invention of general anesthesia, the types of surgical operations increased day by day, but most surgeons wore their own clothes to perform operations. In the early 20th century, the sign to measure a surgeon’s success turned out to be whether there was enough blood and liquid on his clothes. In other words, wet clothes often mean a major operation. The method of preventing bacteria advocated by joseph lister and the Spanish flu epidemic in 1918 made doctors pay attention to protection, wearing masks and hats to protect themselves from being infected by patients. With the passage of time, the standard dress of medical staff after entering the operating room is gradually formed.

Second, the basic requirements of surgical clothing

1. The fabric used in surgical clothes has the characteristics of tight weaving, less floc dropping and strong wear resistance. Surgical gowns can also be made of antibacterial fabrics. The color of surgical clothes is usually blue or green, because the surgeon is nervous during the operation and pays close attention to the red human organs. If they suddenly look at their colleagues’ white clothes or white walls, they will see blue-green “things”, which will affect the surgeon’s vision and judgment and be very dangerous to patients. Blue and green are complementary colors of human viscera and blood, which can improve the sensitivity of medical staff to red.

2. The fabric should meet the requirements of comfort, breathability, waterproofness, moderate thickness, no fiber falling off easily and no static electricity.

3. Wear protective slippers in the operating room to prevent the feet from being polluted by the patient’s body fluids and blood, or from being damaged by sharp instruments. Slippers should have the characteristics of low heel, non-slip, easy cleaning and disinfection. Protective slippers should be “one person, one use and one disinfection”.

4. After daily use or pollution, the surgical clothes are recycled and sent to a hospital-certified washing institution for washing.

5. After washing, surgical clothes should be stored and transported in closed vehicles or containers that are cleaned and disinfected regularly.

6. Aseptic surgical gown should be intact without damage and complete lacing. During operation, the back should be completely covered and the lacing should be fastened.

Three, surgical clothing dress requirements

1. The staff enter the operating room through a special channel, and change the sterilized surgical clothes and slippers in the designated area. The hat should completely cover the hair, and the mask should cover the nose, mouth and face. The surgical cap should be replaced every day, and immediately when it is contaminated.

2. Keep the surgical clothes clean and dry. Once the scrubs and surgical masks are contaminated by pollutants or suspected pollution, they must be replaced immediately. If the staff’s body is polluted by blood and body fluids in a wide range, they should take a bath or change their hand clothes after taking a bath.

3. Brush your hand and coat into your pants.

4. Wear clothes inside, such as collars, sleeves, trouser legs, etc., that can’t be exposed outside the hand-brushing clothes or visiting clothes.

5. Don’t wear jewelry (rings, watches, bracelets, earrings, beaded necklaces) that can’t be covered by hand-brushing clothes, and don’t make up or manicure.

6. Non-surgical personnel (including inspectors, family members and medical engineers) entering the clean area of the operating room can wear isolation gown, completely cover their personal clothes, change slippers in the operating room and wear masks and hats in a standardized manner.

7. If blood, body fluids or other infectious substances may splash, atomize and spurt during the operation, you should wear protective articles correctly, such as protective glasses and protective masks.

8. When the staff goes out of the operating room (such as sending patients back to the ward, etc.), they should wear clothes and shoes. Keep clothes clean, change, clean and disinfect them regularly.

IV. Conclusion

I hope readers can understand the meaning behind the surgical clothes of operating room staff through this article. In front of patients waiting for medical staff to be cured, facing their anxiety, surgical clothes not only reflect the professional image of medical staff, but also protect medical staff, avoid occupational exposure, reduce surgical site infection and ensure patients’ surgical safety. I hope that this unique surgical costume can make patients feel the love, patience and empathy of medical staff, and also hope that patients can actively cooperate with medical staff in diagnosis and treatment, successfully pass the surgical period and return to normal daily life.

　　What is the difference between dry type transformer and oilWe have every reason to believe. oil immersed transformer It will become the mainstream of the industry and will gradually affect more and more people. https://www.jslhtf.com/

　　In power transmission and distribution systems, transformers serve as the core equipment for voltage conversion, directly impacting grid stability, operational costs, and safety.

　　Oil-immersed and dry-type transformers are the two most widely used types, each with distinct structural designs and performance characteristics. This article provides a professional analysis of their advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios to guide optimal selection.

　　Oil-Immersed Transformers: Traditional Power Solutions with Insulating Oil

　　Oil-immersed transformers use insulating oil (mineral oil or vegetable-based oil) as both the cooling and insulating medium. As the most mature transformer type in the power industry, they dominate high-voltage and large-capacity applications.

　　Technical Principles and Structural Features

　　The core design leverages the physical properties of insulating oil for dual functions:

　　Enhanced Insulation: Insulating oil has a breakdown voltage (25-35kV/mm) far exceeding air (3kV/mm), effectively isolating high-voltage windings from grounded enclosures.

　　Efficient Heat Dissipation: Through natural convection or forced circulation (with oil pumps), the oil transfers heat from the core and windings to the tank walls or external radiators.

　　Key components include:

　　Main Parts: Core, high/low-voltage windings.

　　Auxiliary Systems: Oil tank, conservator, breather, and explosion vent. The conservator compensates for oil volume changes, the breather adsorbs moisture, and the explosion vent releases pressure during emergencies.

　　Advantages of Oil-Immersed Transformers

　　High Capacity and Efficiency

　　With a thermal conductivity 3-4 times that of air, oil enables large-capacity designs (from hundreds of kVA to tens of MVA). Efficiency reaches 95%-99.5% under full load, ideal for power plants and long-distance transmission.

　　Superior Insulation Stability and Long Lifespan

　　The sealed tank environment protects windings from moisture and dust, extending the lifespan to 20-30 years (or over 40 years for premium models), outlasting many dry-type transformers.three phase power transformer

　　Strong Overload Capacity

　　It can handle 120%-150% of rated load for short periods (30-60 minutes) and is suitable for fluctuating industrial loads or seasonal demand peaks.

　　Lower Lifecycle Cost

　　Manufacturing costs are 20%-40% lower than dry-type transformers for the same capacity. Even with regular maintenance, the total cost of ownership remains competitive.

　　Limitations of Oil-Immersed Transformers

　　Safety and Environmental Risks

　　Traditional mineral oil is flammable (flash point 140-160＜C), posing fire hazards if leaked. Spills also contaminate soil and water. While biodegradable vegetable oils mitigate risks, they cost 30% more.

　　Installation Constraints

　　Large size and weight (e.g., 1.5-2 tons for a 1000kVA unit, 1.5-2 times heavier than dry-type) require dedicated foundations or outdoor spaces, unsuitable for cramped indoor environments like high-rise basements.

　　Complex Maintenance

　　Regular oil testing (dielectric loss, moisture, breakdown voltage) and filtration/replacement every 1-2 years increase maintenance labor and costs.

　　Dry-Type Transformers: Modern Oil-Free Power Solutions

　　Dry-type transformers use air or inert gas for cooling and solid insulation

　　materials (e.g., epoxy resin, Nomex paper), making them ideal for indoor and environmentally sensitive applications.

　　Technical Principles and Structural Features

　　Heat dissipation relies on natural air convection or forced air cooling. The insulation system consists entirely of solid materials:

　　Winding Insulation: Cast resin transformers encase windings in epoxy for moisture and dust resistance; impregnated transformers coat windings with insulating varnish.

　　Core Design: Similar to oil-immersed types but uses lower-loss

　　silicon steel (e.g., 30Q130) to reduce heat generation.

　　Common types include epoxy cast resin (most prevalent, ~80% market share), open-frame, and encapsulated designs, with cast resin dominating in harsh environments.

　　Advantages of Dry-Type Transformers

　　Superior Safety and Environmental Compatibility

　　No flammable oil eliminates fire risks, making them suitable for high-rise buildings, hospitals, data centers, and subway stations. They also meet strict environmental regulations with zero oil leakage.

　　Compact Size and Flexible Installation

　　30%-40% smaller and lighter than oil-immersed units of the same capacity, enabling installation in indoor switchgear, on floors, or brackets, saving valuable space in urban areas.

　　Low Maintenance Requirements

　　Eliminate oil testing and replacement. Routine maintenance involves annual dust cleaning and connection checks, reducing labor costs, especially in high-wage regions.

　　Excellent Environmental Adaptability

　　Epoxy-encased windings withstand humidity up to 90% (non-condensing) and dusty environments, making them ideal for basements, coastal areas, and industries like textiles or food processing.

　　Limitations of Dry-Type Transformers

　　Limited Cooling Efficiency and Capacity

　　Air¨s low thermal conductivity (0.026W/(m，K)) restricts capacity to ＋2500kVA (natural cooling) or ＋5000kVA (forced air), insufficient for large industrial plants or high-voltage substations.

　　Environmental Sensitivity

　　Solid insulation ages faster under high temperatures (>100＜C) or humidity (condensation). Dust accumulation on windings can cause partial discharges, shortening lifespan.

　　Weaker Overload Capacity

　　Can only handle 110%-120% of rated load for ＋30 minutes, unsuitable for applications with frequent load fluctuations.

　　Higher Initial Cost

　　Premium materials and manufacturing processes increase costs by 30%-50% compared to oil-immersed transformers, particularly for small-capacity units (<500kVA).